Introduction. xxxiii 



Inflorescence straight. 



Calyx in a broken whorl. Trailing or climbing herbs, 



Convolvulacca, page 315 

 Calyx in a complete whorl. 



Flowers symmetrical. Seeds usually kidney-shaped 



and pitted. Herbs or ehrtibs v Solanacea, p. 326 



Anthers and stigmas consolidated. Seeds usually 



plumose. Herbs or shrubs . Asclepiadcte , p. 300 

 Anthers free from the stigma. 



Corolla imbricated. Herbs with showy flowers 



and usually ribbed leaves . Gentianacea, p. 302 

 Corolla valvate or convolute. Herbs with flowers 



in one-sided spikes . '" . - . Spigelia, p. 302 

 Corolla contorted, Seeds usually plumose. Shmbs 

 or trailing herbs. Stigma constricted in the 

 middle . . . . . Apocynete, p. 297 

 Flowers unsymmetrical. Leaves opposite, exstipulate. 

 Flowers spicate or capitate, tetramerous. Shrubs 



Buddlea, p. 347 



Carpel single. Styles 5. Herbs or undershrubs Ptumbaginaccce, p. 380 

 5 Ovary superior. Flowers irregular. 



* Ovary 4-lobed ; lobes 1 -seeded. Herbs or shrubs with opposite 



leaves usually furnished with immersed glands of aromatic 

 fragrant oil . . , , ' . , . . Labiates, p. 360 

 ** Ovary undivided. 

 Carpels two. 



Fruit nucamentaceous, 2- or 4-celled. Herbs or shrubs 



Verbenacea, p. 357 

 Fruit capsular or succulent. 

 Placentas parietal. 



Annual herbs. Seeds not winged. Fruit terminated by 



a curved beak . . .. ., Marty nia, p. 354 



Shrubs or herbs of trailing, twining, or climbing habit. 



Fruit not beaked ; seeds winged .. Bignoniaccce, p. 351 

 Placentas axile, 



Seeds albuminous. Herbs, shrubs, or trees with showy 



flowers . ^ . t/ "... . Scrophularinece, p. 333 



Seeds exalbuminous. 



Seeds winged. Shrubs or herbs of climbing or trailing 



habit and showy flowers . . . Bignoniaceee, p. 351 

 Seeds wingless, attached to hardy woody placentas. 

 Herbs with elegant bipinnatifid leaves and leafy 

 spikes of dull-coloured flowers . Acanthus, p. 355 



Placenta free, central. Stamens two. Aquatic or marsh 



herbs Lcntibularinea, p. 370 



Ovary inferior. 



* Carpels solitary. 



Anthers syngenesious (united with the pistil). Herbs or shrubs ; 

 flowers (florets) collected in involucrate heads. Ovary 

 usually surmounted by a scaly bristly or plumose calyx 

 (pappus) ... ... Composites, p. 229 



Anthers free. 



b 



