xxxiv Introditction. 



Carpel quite solitary. Flowers in bracteate heads Dipsacece, page 227 

 Carpel with two abortive ones. Flowers not in bracteate 



heads '.- Valerianacea, p. 226 



** Carpels more than one. 



Anthers syngenesious. Herbs with spicate or axillary irregular 



flowers CampanulacecB (Lobelia), p. 272 



Anthers free. 



Anthers opening by pores. Shrubs . . Vaccinie, p. 274 



Anthers opening by slits. 



Herbs with blue or white usually bell-shaped flowers 



Campanulacca, p. 268 

 Shrubs or trees with alternate exstipulate simple leaves 



and small flowers Ebenacea, p. 288 



Herbs with angular stems, whorled leaves, and cymose 



flowers . Stellate, p. 225 



Shrubs with opposite leaves and showy usually fragrant 



flowers Caprifoliacc(B, p. 218 



SUB-CLASS II. MONOCOTYLEDONS OR ENDOGENS, p. 458. 



A. Flowers having a distinct, usually coloured perianth. 

 Ovary inferior. 



* Flowers gynandrous (anthers and stigmas consolidated). 



Tuberous or fibrous-rooted terrestrial or epiphytal herbs with 



very irregular flowers .... Orckidacece, p. 466 



** Flowers not gynandrous (stamens free). 



Leaves cordate, net-veined and ribbed. Flowers unisexual, 



inconspicuous. Climbing herb . . . Tamus, p. 533 



Leaves usually broad, veins diverging from the midrib. 



Anther one, 1-celled. Leaves 1-3 feet long Marantacece, p. 467 



Anthers five or more. Leaves very large . . Musacece, p. 467 

 Leaves usually long and narrow, veins parallel with midrib. 

 Stamens three. 



Herbs with bulbous or rhizomatous roots, and for the 



greater part with ensiform leaves . . Iridacca, p. 469 

 Stamens six. 

 Leaves flat. 



Fruit 3-celled. Outer perianth-segments petaloid. 

 Herbs with bulbous or fibrous roots, with an um- 

 bellate or paniculate inflorescence or solitary 



. flower AmarylUde<2> p. 480 



Fruit 3-celled. Outer perianth-segments sepaloid, 



Bromeliacece, p. 469 



Stamens more than six. Aquatic herbs . Hydrocharidacece, p. 463 

 Ovary superior. 



Outer perianth-segments sepaloid or glumaceous. 

 Carpels consolidated. 



Outer perianth-segments quite distinct from the inner. 



Placentas axile. 

 ., - Herbs with net-veined verticillate leaves and white or 



violet flowers . . . . . Trillium, p. 531 



