44 CrnciferczMattkiola. 



cress, sea-kale, etc., and nearly all its members are anti- 

 scorbutic. It is, moreover, not lacking in ornamental plants, 

 especially in fragrant flowering species. 



. 1. Pod continuous, usually much longer than broad, dehiscing 

 throughout its whole length, or transversely jointed, not com- 

 pressed at right angles to the partition. 



1. MATTHlOLA. 



This genus includes all the different races of Stocks. Its 

 distinctive characters are : entire or sinuate leaves, large flowers, 

 the petals having long claws, a nearly cylindrical pod, connivent 

 stigmas thickened or horned at the back, and thin flat 

 numerous seeds. About thirty species, chiefly from the Medi- 

 terranean region. Named after an Italian physician. 



1. M. incana. This is the sub-shrubby biennial species 

 from which ~the Brompton and perhaps the Queen Stocks 

 have descended. It is an erect hoary plant, 1 to 3 feet high, 

 with oblong-lanceolate entire leaves and large white, crimson, 

 violet, purple double or single flowers. M. fenestralis, Griant 

 Cape Stock, is referred to this species by some authors. A 

 native of the West of Europe and the Levant, and also found 

 on cliffs in the Isle of Wight. 



2. M. dnnua.The Ten-week, Intermediate, and other 

 garden annual varieties of Stocks belong to this species. This 

 has produced innumerable varieties, from pure white, lilac, 

 violet, rose, and crimson to purple. Mediterranean region. 



3. M. Grceca. The Wallflower-leaved Stock. The foliage 

 of this, instead of being hoary and downy, is of a bright green, 

 closely resembling that of the Wallflower. This includes some 

 white and yellow annual varieties. South of Europe. 



4. M. bicornis. A straggling annual with lilac flowers, very 

 fragrant at night, but closed during the day. It has a two-horned 

 pod. It flowers during the Summer months. South of Europe. 



2. CHEIRANTHUS. 



Herbs or undershrubs with bipartite hairs. Leaves entire or 

 toothed. This genus differs very slightly from the last, distin- 

 guished by having a more flattened pod, wingless seeds, and 

 a capitate or bilobed stigma. There are about a dozen species, 

 chiefly from the Mediterranean, and extending to the Hima- 

 layas and North America. Name from %i/oos-, the hand, and 

 avOos, a flower ; application uncertain. 



1. Ch. Chelri (fig. 33). Wallflower. This needs neither de- 



