Rosacea Cra tag us. 175 



4. G. Crus-gdlli. Cockspur Thorn. A small shrub or tree 

 beset with strong curved spines. Leaves glabrous and glossy 

 above, lanceolate or. oblong-cuneate, narrowed into a short 

 petiole, serrulate or irregularly lobed. Flowers large, white. 

 Fruits bright red and showy. There are several varieties, such 

 as ovalifdlia, pyracanthifolia, etc. It is also known under 

 the names lucida and laurifolia. 



G. pyrifolia and G. prunifolia are varieties of an allied 

 North American species, G. tomentosa : the former has very large 

 oblong irregularly toothed leaves, large corymbs of white 

 flowers, and orange pear-shaped medium-sized fruits ; and the 

 latter has smaller scarlet fruits, though otherwise very much 

 like the Cockspur Thorn, except in the pubescence of some 

 parts. G. Dougldsii is another of the same group with reddish 

 twigs and oval or roundish cut and serrated glabrous leaves. 

 G. Mexicana is an American species, rarer in cultivation, and 

 certainly not so ornamental as some of the above. G. Azarblus 

 is a South European species, in the way of the common Haw- 

 thorn, with thicker leaves having broader woolly segments, 

 and larger yellow or pale red berries. 



11. COTONEASTER. 



Trees or shrubs, erect or decumbent. Leaves alternate, 

 very small and persistent, or larger and deciduous. Flowers 

 in sparse axillary or terminal cymes, or solitary, small, white, 

 with calyx woolly on the outside. Fruit a drupe containing 

 3 to 5 hard 1 -seeded stones. About fifteen species are re- 

 ported, from Europe, North Africa, Asia, and Mexico. The 

 name is said to be derived from cotoneum, a quince, and aster 

 (ad instar\ likeness, from the similarity in structure. 



Deciduous Species. 



1. G. vulgaris. A small erect shrub. Leaves small for 

 this section, about 1 to 2 inches long, oblong, ovate or rotun- 

 date, pubescent beneath. Flowers small, pink, in axillary 

 cymes. Berries spherical, shining, scarlet, yellow, or black- 

 A rare native, but common on the Continent. 



2. G. afflnis. A small tree with ovate-lanceolate mucro- 

 nulate quite entire leaves about 3 or 4 inches long, glabrous 

 above, hairy beneath. Flowers in large cymes. This and the 

 following are used as stocks for grafting the evergreen sorts 



