Conifer <z Jimiperus. 439 



evergreen, very similar to the last in foliage, which is however 

 of a bright lively green. A desirable hardy shrub from China 

 and Japan. 



3. J. communis. Common Juniper. This is the only in- 

 digenous species, and one of wide distribution, occurring 

 throughout Europe, North Africa, North Asia, and northern 

 parts of North America, in a great variety of forms, from a tree 

 50 feet high to a creeping bush not more than a foot high. 

 The leaves are subulate, rigid, sharp-pointed, spreading, and 

 opposite or in threes, usually glaucous above and green below. 

 There are several distinct varieties in cultivation, among which 

 we may mention : alplna, syn. Canadensis and depressa, of 

 trailing or ascending habit and glaucous foliage ; Hibernica, 

 Irish Juniper, a distinct variety of erect dense conical outline 

 and silvery foliage ; Hibernica variegata, the same as the last 

 with prettily variegated leaves; Suecica, Swedish Juniper, 

 a more erect-growing form than the type, with longer more 

 distant leaves of a yellowish-green tint ; and pendula, with 

 slender somewhat drooping branches of a reddish colour, con- 

 trasting well with the glaucous green foliage. J. compressais 

 a sub-variety of the Irish Juniper, of dwarfer denser habit, with 

 slender branches and smaller leaves. 



4. J. Virginiana. Red Cedar. A shrub or small tree occa- 

 sionally attaining a height of 30 feet or more. Leaves on 

 young plants and some parts of the older subulate and spread- 

 ing ; on olde-r, nearly all very minute, scale-like and closely 

 imbricated. Fruit very small, of a bluish glaucous tinge. 

 This is an extremely variable species both in size, habit and 

 foliage, and some of the forms rank amongst the hardiest and 

 most ornamental of the genus. From the great disparity in 

 the proportion of scale-like leaves and subulate leaves in dif- 

 ferent individuals, as well as the more or less distinct habit, it is 

 difficult to find two plants exactly alike, even in a large plan- 

 tation. The prevailing hue is dark sombre green, but in the 

 variety glauca, syn. alba argentea and cinerdscens, the foliage 

 is of a silvery glaucous tinge. The compact conical habit of 

 this variety combined with its silvery foliage renders it very 

 distinct and desirable. J. V. hiimilis is a dwarf spreading 

 form with foliage of a reddish tinge. J. V. pendula, of which 

 there are two or three varieties, has long slender pendulous 

 branches. The variety called pendula viridis is the best. In 

 addition to the above we may mention the variegated varieties 



