Evergreen Shrubs. 605 



of shrubberies. A little larger in stature and adapted for 

 second lines and clumps are the Phillyreas, Ehamnus Alater- 

 nus, Aucubas, the varieties of the Common Laurel, Juniperus 

 Chinensis, J. communis varieties, Biota orientalis Japonica, 



B. o. giauca, B. o. pendula, Taxus baccata varieties, Hollies in 

 variety, Buxus sempervirens varieties, etc. ; and, in favourable 

 localities, Euonymus Japonicus varieties, Photinia serrulata 

 and arbutifolia, Pittosporum undulatum, Osmanthus, Japanese 

 Hollies, tender Cypresses, Libocedrus Chiliensis, etc. In this 

 class there are many species or varieties remarkable for their 

 compact or formal habit. These are chiefly employed for 

 planting in geometrical gardens as single specimens. They 

 include the Grolden Cypress, Irish Yew, Retinospora ericoides, 

 Abies excelsa, pygmaea, and Clanbrasiliana, and many other 

 dwarf forms of Biota, Thuja, and other Conifers, which are 

 mentioned under their respective genera. Hollies, too, and 

 Portugal Laurels, Sweet Bays, common Yews, and Phillyreas 

 may be pruned into shape for the same purposes. Amongst 

 the best of the variegated evergreen shrubs with inconspicuous 

 flowers are : Aucubas, Hollies, Euonymus, and Box in variety, 

 Yews, Arbor- Vita3s, Osmanthus, Thujopsis, and Retinospora. 

 Evergreen shrubs of a larger size, some of which eventually 

 become arborescent, are : Portugal Laurels, common Laurel, 

 Sweet Bay, Arbutus, many Junipers, Cypresses, Arbor-Vitaes, 

 common Yew, Evergreen Oak, Abies, and Picea. 



We now come to the Erect Evergreen Flowering Shrubs. 

 In this group, although we have considerable variety, there is 

 little difficulty in making a choice. The greater part of them 

 are known as American plants, and grdw by preference in 

 vegetable mould or peat. But some of them, as Rhododendron 

 Ponticum, will flourish in a rich loam. Amongst the larger- 

 growing species we have the Portugal and Common Laurels, 

 Laurestine, Magnolia giauca, Rhododendron Ponticum, and 

 gradually smaller species of Berberis, Rhododendron, Grarrya, 

 Graultheria, Ceanothus, Andromeda, Ligustrum, Ledum, Kal- 

 mia, Daphne, and Erica. A selection of the best would in- 

 clude the following : Laurestine, Berberis Darwinii, B. steno- 

 phylla, B. aquifolia, B. Bealii, Magnolia giauca, varieties of 

 Rhododendron Ponticum, Rh. Catawbiense, and Rh. maximum, 

 Kalmia latifolia and K. giauca, Daphne Cneorum, Ledum 

 palustre, Erica carnea, Yucca gioriosa, Ceanothus azureus and 



C. Veitchianus, and Andromeda and Gaultheria in variety. 



