606 Classification of Plants. 



b. Deciduous erect Shrubs. Comparatively few of this class 

 are grown for their foliage alone. Aralia spinosa, Elms typhina, 

 Elseagnus spp., Comptonia asplenifolia, Negundo fraxinifolia 

 variegata, and some of the smaller forms of Maple, Elm, 

 Beech, etc., are amongst the most familiar deciduous shrubs 

 having ornamental foliage. In return, we have an almost be- 

 wildering richness in variety of deciduous flowering shrubs. It 

 should be observed that many shrubs placed in this division are 

 naturally evergreen in their native habitats, but our climate 

 being more rigorous they usually shed their foliage in the course 

 of the winter. Occasionally, when we have a mild winter, they 

 retain their foliage till fresh is developed. This is the case 

 with such tender plants as some of the species of Cistus, Coto- 

 neaster Simmonsii, Hydrangea Hortensia, Ligustrum Japoni- 

 cum, Spirrea Lindleyana, etc. The larger-growing deciduous 

 flowering shrubs include the Lilacs, various shades of red, 

 purple, and lilac and white ; Hibiscus Syriacus, white or 

 purple or striped double and single-flowered varieties ; Thorns, 

 white, pink, or scarlet double and single-flowered varieties 

 (usually grafted on tall sterns) ; Guelder Rose, white ; shrubby 

 forms of ^Esculus, pink, yellow, or white ; Rose Acacia, pink ; 

 Viburnum Lantana, white ; Colutea arborescens, yellow ; Caly- 

 canthus spp., purplish brown or red ; Caragana spp., yellow 

 (the dwarf species are commonly grown as standards grafted 

 on stems of C. arborescens) ; Snowberry-tree, white ; and Sam- 

 bucus nigra varieties, white. Next in order come the Seringas 

 (Philadelphus), white fragrant flowers; Ribes, red, yellow, and 

 white ; Cistus, white or rose spotted with purple or yellow ; 

 Leycesteria, dark purple and white ; Grenista, Spartium, Cyti- 

 sus, yellow, white, and pink ; Rhodotypus kerrioides, white ; 

 Spiraea, white, pink, or rose ; Diervilia (Weigela), white, 

 pink, rose, and crimson ; Deutzia, white or pink ; and Rubus, 

 white or rose single and double-flowered. Azalea Pontica, 

 A. Sinensis, A. calendulacea, A. nudiflora, etc., and their 

 hybrid varieties, various shades and combinations of yellow, 

 purple, pink, rose, and white ; Rhodora Canadensis, purple ; 

 Rhododendron Dahuricum, purplish violet. A few species 

 produce their flowers in winter or spring before the leaves are 

 developed : Chimonanthus fragrans, yellowish green and red ; 

 Daphne Mezereum, purple, pink, or white ; Foreythia viridis- 

 ;.sima and suspensa, yellow ; Cornus mas, yellow ; Prunus spp., 

 rose and white. Many of the Fuchsias, Hydrangea Hortensia, 



