Herbaceous Planh. 609 



have large cordate leaves, and are very effective when asso- 

 ciated with some of the more brilliant-flowered shrubs. The 

 former is rather tender, and should only be planted in sheltered 

 situations. 



d. Shrubs requiring the protection of a wall or other shelter. 

 There are many beautiful and interesting shrubs, some of 

 which are not included in either of the foregoing divisions, 

 that may be successfully cultivated with a little additional 

 care in winter. Many of them do not, it is true, require any 

 covering, or even the protection afforded by a wall, in the 

 milder parts of the kingdom, except during unusually severe 

 weather. But as a rule they must be planted in warm well- 

 drained soil, and, beyond the districts named, they will need 

 the protection of a south wall, and in some cases extra covering 

 in winter. Amongst the erect tender shrubs frequently met with 

 we may enumerate : Euonymus Japonicus varieties, Photinia 

 spp., Arbutus Andrachne, etc., Pittosporum spp., Myrtle, Ela3- 

 agnus Japonicus varieties, Escallonia spp., Bupleurum fruti- 

 cosum, and Osmanthus with more or less ornamental foliage ; 

 and Hydrangea spp. and, varieties Magnolia grandiflora, Cornus 

 (Benthamia) fragifera, Viburnum spp., Buddleya Lindleyana, 

 and Spiraea Lindleyana with conspicuous flowers or fruits. 

 Tender shrubs requiring support as well as protection are 

 equally numerous. The following are some of the more 

 familiar species : Lonicera spp., Bignonia spp., Jasminum 

 revolutuin, etc., Fuchsia macrostema varieties, Berberidopsis 

 corallina, Lapageria rosea, Philesia buxifolia, Stauntonia lati- 

 folia, Lardizabala biternata, Akebia quinata, etc. The fore- 

 going list might be extended almost indefinitely, especially 

 if made applicable to the colder parts of the kingdom. Fur- 

 ther remarks relative to the hardiness of plants will be found 

 under the head of General Observations. Amongst dwarf, 

 trailing, or creeping shrubs suitable for covering banks, rock- 

 work, etc., we may mention the genera Vinca, Helianthemum, 

 Cotoneaster, Polygala, Rosa, Erica, and Clematis. 



II. HERBACEOUS PLANTS. 



In nearly all parts of the temperate zone of the northern 

 hemisphere there is a great preponderance of the herbaceous 

 over the woody vegetation, and we have scarcely any hardy 



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