616 Classification of Plants. 



species (Duckweed), and other indigenous water-weeds according 

 to pleasure. For larger pieces of water, the White and Yellow 

 Water Lilies (Nymph aea alba and Nuphar lutea) first claim our 

 attention, followed by such plants as Sagittaria sagittifolia 

 (Arrowhead), Alisma Plantago (Water Plantain), Butomus 

 umbellatus (Flowering Rush), Pontederia cordata, Hottonia 

 palustris (Water Violet), Limnanthemum nymphseoides, Ranun- 

 culus aquatilis varieties (floribundus, circinatus, etc.), Rumex 

 hydrolapathum (Water Dock), Thalia dealbata, Typha lati- 

 folia, T. angustifolia, etc. There are also many plants that 

 will grow either in shallow water, on the borders of rivulets 

 or ponds, or in marshy ground ; for example, Lythrum Sali- 

 caria (Purple Loosestrife), Galtha palustris (Marsh Marigold), 

 Ranunculus Lingua (Spear-wort), Lysimachia vulgaris (Yellow 

 Loosestrife), Spiraea Ulmaria (Meadow Sweet), Menyanthes 

 trifoliata (Bog Bean), Equisetum Telmateia, syn. E. maximum 

 (Large Horsetail), Carex riparia and other species, Scirpus 

 lacustris (Bulrush), Cladium Mariscus (Common Sedge), Phrag- 

 mites communis (Common Reed), Phalaris arundinacea, both 

 green and variegated, Glyceria aquatica, G. fluitans, Osmunda 

 regalis (Royal Fern), Acorus Calamus (Sweet Flag), Iris 

 Pseudacorus (Yellow Flag), Sparganium spp. (Bur-Reed), Typha 

 spp. (Reed-mace), Myosotis palustris (Forget-me-not), Poly- 

 gonum amphibium, P. Bistorta (Snakeweed), and Potamo- 

 geton spp. (Pondweed). Some few marsh plants are of creeping 

 or trailing, or dwarf habit, as Hypericum elodes, Lysimachia 

 nummularia, Polygonum amphibium, Myosotis palustris, and 

 Campanula hederacea, which prefers boggy places, as also 

 Narthecium ossifragum (Bog Asphodel). By introducing a 

 selection of the foregoing aquatic and marsh plants in suitable 

 places in gardens and parks, much may be done to enhance the 

 beauties of the water scenery. It is not supposed, of course, 

 that many of those species enumerated would be admitted 

 where the tastes of the owner lean to the axtificial and trim 

 style of horticulture. But as a rule, even in the wild and 

 natural scenery of the park, nature is left entirely to herself. 

 A few Water Lilies may perchance be favoured with a little 

 attention, but beyond this very little is added to the indigenous 

 vegetation, and very little is done to keep the various occupants 

 within proper limits. 



6. Annual or Biennial Herbs. We include here several 

 perennial plants, tender or otherwise, which will flower the first 



