63 



distance would be 22ft. or three trees to the chain, which would 

 give 90 trees per acre if planted on the square, and 100 trees if 

 planted in quincunx, and 103 if set in according to the septuple 

 formation ; 24ft. as well as 25ft. apart are also favourite intervals 

 suitable for soils and localities where trees grow luxuriantly. 



For the guidance of those orchardists who desire to plant certain 

 kinds of fruit trees in blocks by themselves, the following table is 

 given of distances found suitable for setting apart : 



Bhubarb 4 feet apart. 



Gooseberries and Currants 8 



Rock Melons ... ... ... ... 6 to 8 



Water Melons 10 12 



Table Grapes 8 10 



Coffee 10 12 



Guavas 12 18 



Bananas and Plantains 12 18 



Persimmons ... ... ... ... 18 22 



Mandarines and Kumquats 18 22 



Oranges and Lemons 20 30 



Plums and Prunes 20 22 



Peaches and Nectarines ... ... 20 22 



Pears ... 20 25 



Large Cherries 20 25 



Duke's Morellos 20 25 



Apricots 22 30 



Apples 22 30 



Figs ... , 20 40 



Walnuts and Chestnuts 30 40 



If planted in rows : Strawberries, in double rows of l|ft. to 

 2ft., with 4ft. between the double rows. 



Pine Apples : In double rows 2ft. with 8ft. to 10ft. between 

 each double row. 



Raspberries : 4ft. to 8ft. between the rows. 



PLANTING. 



Before planting a vineyard or an orchard, the question should 

 have been fully discussed what special market it is intended to 

 supply. Whether it is intended to dispose of the fruit locally or 

 to ship it ; to manufacture the grapes into wine or brandy ; to turn 

 them into raisins, or to sell them fresh as table grapes. 



The natural circumstances of soil, climate, and orientations 

 should also influence the selection of the varities it is intended to 

 grow. Favour the quick ripening of early sorts by planting on well 

 exposed slopes. Again, in the case of fruit trees and vines, study 

 the likings of each sort ; putting the yellow Bellflower apple on the 

 lighter patches of soil, in preference to the Newtown pippin, which 

 prefers a stronger soil. Some varieties again show greater pre- 

 disposition to diseases in low moist locations, and should for that 

 reason be planted on well drained slopes; the Cleopatra apple, 

 which is somewhat subject to the " bitter pit " disease, is a case in 

 point. Other questions as well require consideration when planting, 



