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desirable union ; the trees do well for a few years, but generally 

 die out when they begin to bear. Apricot on Myrobolan and St. 

 Julian plum stocks have the advantage on heavy wet soil, but all 

 varieties do not unite very satisfactorily, and in this respect the 

 American plum stock is preferable. The plum stock, as a rule, has 

 a dwarfing tendency, and the union of stock and scion is never 

 perfect, whilst the tree is more liable to gumming disease. 



The Cherry Stock. 



Three stocks are chiefly used the Mazzard or sweet cherries, 

 including Bigarreaus for the Heart type, and all lofty and rapid- 

 growing sorts. 



The Mahaleb for small dwarf varieties. 



The Morello, or common Red Pie cherry, for dwarf trees of the 

 Duke and Morello classes. 



The Orange and other Citrus Stocks. 



A number of stocks have been tried for trees of the citrus 

 family, and while some possess special points of merit, such as rapid 

 and luxuriant growth, yet they are found in unsuitable localities to 

 fail in other respects and succumb to disease. Of these, the most 

 dreaded is the gumming disease or mal-di-gomma. To this affection 

 the lemon stock and sweet orange stock are particularly liable, 

 more especially the former, and for that reason they are undesirable 

 stock for flat, damp localities, and all such foot-rot regions. 

 These stocks should only be used for high, dry, and well-drained 

 land, and in such localities the rough lemon and the lime will do 

 better than any other stock. 



The sour orange is of all stocks the most resistant to foot-rot, 

 but it requires a moist, rich soil to thrive in. 



The Pomelo is spoken of as another vigorous and resistant stock, 

 which withstands occasional periods of drought better than does 

 the sour orange ; it does better in warm localities, free from severe 

 frost. 



The Trifoliate orange, the hardiest of all citrus stock, is at 

 times used, but not in every case, with uniform success. The 

 Satsuma, a Japanese mandarin, does well on it. Some claim that 

 vigorous stocks, such as the pomelo or the lemon, have a tendency to 

 produce coarse, thick-skinned fruit ; they certainly seem in some 

 measure to influence the size of the fruit, and in the case of the 

 Navel oranges they are said to add to the productiveness of the 

 trees. 



The Grape Vine Stocks. 



Perhaps in none of our cultivated plants more than on the 

 grape vine is the influence of the stock so noticeable. The practice 

 of grafting vines has for a long time been carried out, but until 

 recent years it was almost exclusively restricted to the changing of 

 varieties, pudding is now, in many instances, superseding grafting, 



