101 



The end of the scion is first cut (obliquely), then a cut is made- 

 at a and b but deeper at a, then a shaving is taken by drawing the 

 knife from the end towards a and 5. This scion differs from the 

 one previously described only in the method of preparation. It is 

 inserted in a like manner. The method of inserting the scion and 

 the splitting of the stocks is not confined to those described, and 

 growers generally find a way which the method operated can, in 

 some way or another, be improved. For instance, where the 

 splitting is done obliquely instead of parallel, the grafts are better. 

 This is especially so in grafting prunes. The bark of the scion and 

 stock come obliquely together, and the scion is held firmly in place.. 



Fig. 1. Fig. 2, Fig. 3. Fig, 4. 



Fig. 1. The stock split, ready to receive the scions. 

 Fig. 2. A.B. The scions inserted, ready for waxing. 

 Fig. 3. A. The scion ; a.?). The horizontal cut severing the chip on either side j 



c. The wedge, d. Pith, e. Point of scion, cut ohliquely. 

 Fig. 4. Graft inserted in stock obliquely. 



The accompanying figure illustrates a method of renewing the 

 top of citrus trees or of vines by means of cleft grafts. When 

 vines are grafted the operation is best done in the early spring when 

 the sap begins to move. The top of the vine is sawn clean off 

 half-an-inch to an inch below the surface, the stump split with a 

 chisel, the two lips of the split trunk forced apart by means of a 

 small hardwood wedge. One or two scions of the sort it is desired 

 to grow are cut two eyes long. The basal side of the scions is cut 

 bevel shape, and sharper on the inner side than the bud side, which 

 is close to the stock. These scions are then pushed gently down 

 the cleft, where they fit snugly and smoothly with the inner bark of 

 both stock and scion in close contact. The hardwood wedge is 



