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SIDE GRAFTS 



are used for restoring symmetry to the branches of pippin fruit trees 

 when grafting by approach cannot be resorted to, or to transform too 



vigorous but unfruitful branches 

 into fruit-bearing ones. For 

 graft, a branch slightly arched 

 is selected ; cut the lower part 

 into a long slant; make on 

 the stem a vertical incision B 

 and a transverse one C, 

 driving the knife well into the 

 growing wood to stop at that 

 flow of rising sap ; lift the bark 

 with the fla.t handle of the 

 knife; slip in the graft, bind 

 round, and cover with grafting 

 wax. This kind of grafting is 

 done when the eyes are swelling. 

 I have seen a small branch 

 of Rome Beauty, bearing fruit 

 buds, and grafted in a Lord 

 Suffield stem, blossom and 

 carry splendid apples the same 



Side Graft. Season. 



AFTER-CARE OF GRAFTING. 



After vines are grafted flush with the ground, they should be 

 protected by a small stake, driven on the side of the prevailing 

 winds in summer, to which the young, tender shoots of the graft 

 <?an be tied as they appear. The stock will also often push forth 

 tender suckers from underneath, these should be pulled off as they 

 appear above ground or removed by cutting with a knife ; the flow 

 of sap will thus run without interruption from the stock to the 

 scion. 



As regards trees, the ligatures are cut off directly it is seen that 

 the graft is growing ; and if the shoots from the graft are pushing 

 forth too luxuriantly, they are pinched back to save them being 

 carried away during windy weather. At the time of grafting old 

 trees it is advisable to whitewash the stems to guard against sun- 

 burn ; some people wrap them up in sacking. 



Suckers will soon put in an appearance. These it is not 

 advisable to rub off entirely, but a few should be left growing the 

 first year so as to take up the surplus sap and maintain a healthy 

 root growth. 



BUDDING 



is the short name for bud-grafting, and is performed during 

 the growing months, when the sap is moving, thus providing 



