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The methods of training are numerous and varied ; the several 

 systems of pruning, on the other hand, may be cut down to three- 

 main types, according to the length of spurs or of fruiting canes, 

 left on the vines, viz., short, long, and mixed pruning. 



Short, or Spur Pruning consists in leaving on the vines short 

 spurs of one to three buds only generally two buds. It is applic- 

 able to those vines of moderate growth, which fruit most readily 

 from every joint of their fruiting wood. Although the crops are 

 thereby reduced, and the bunches fewer in number, they are, in 

 consequence, of larger size and more showy. 



Long Pruning consists in cutting long one or more of the 

 previous season's fruiting canes. Six to ten buds are left on the 

 canes or rods of these varieties, which only bear fruit on buds, 

 situated further away from the crown, the lower buds being mostly 

 sterile, or not regularly fertile. Should such varieties be pruned 

 short, most of the fruitful buds would be removed, and the result 

 would probably be a luxuriant wood and leaf growth, and a very 

 small crop. 



Mixed, or Half -long Pruning : Between these two systems is an 

 intermediate one found useful in the case of vines which have been 

 pruned short, and are planted 

 on rich ground, and run into 

 rank growth at the expense of 

 fruit production. It is also use- 

 ful in the case of vines which, 

 of the class that is pruned long, 

 fail, through exhaustion and 

 lack of necessary vitality, to 

 carry a full crop of well 

 developed grapes. 



As the illustration shows, 

 it is advisable to leave for each 

 longer spur a short one cut back 

 to two buds, whose duty it is to 

 provide wood for the following 

 year. When that pruning cornes 

 the longer spurs now illustrated 

 are cut off, and a new fruiting 

 spur or cane, together with a 

 shorter wood spur, are selected 

 from the shoots issuing from 



the wood 

 figure. 



spur 



shown in the 



Mixed or half -long pruned vine. 



GRAPE VINES GROWN IN WESTERN AUSTRALIA. 



How to Prune them. 



The following list supplies the names of vines which in fairly^ 

 moist and fertile localities are better pruned short or long, as the- 

 case may be. In dry districts, however, it is preferable to be sparing 



