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different from sun-dried California or Spanish raisins, being 

 yellowish amber, with a fine and thin bluish bloom, indicating that 

 the have been dried in the shade, or a partial shade without 

 dipping in lye. The grape used for raisins is a variety of Muscat, 

 very similar to the Muscat of Alexandria, set their fruit better, and 

 do not suffer from coulure or shanking. Imported to Chili by 

 the Spanish conquerors, and it is supposed they grew the vines 

 from seeds brought from Spain, and selected the best of the seed- 

 lings. This grape was introduced from California by the Depart- 

 ment of Agriculture, but so far it has not shown itself to be 

 superior to either the two varieties already described. 



SULTANA (syn. Seedless Sultana, Sultanieh, Sultanina). Vine: 

 growth strong, upright, with long climbing canes; bark rough, and 

 tearing in long strips. Wood : very long and strong canes, long- 

 jointed but not very thick nodes ; small buds ; laterals and tendrils 

 numerous ; wood not hard, red brown ; bunches carried from the 

 fifth, sixth, or seventh node. Leaves : large, not very deeply lobed, 

 strongly serrated, thin and fiat, bright green, smooth and shining 

 above, lighter green and smooth below, die yellow in autumn, long 

 leaf stalk. Bunches large and loose, from 9 to 12 inches 

 long, and 5 to 6 inches wide at the shoulders ; stalk long, green, 

 and not woody. Berries : small to medium, oval, skin green, thin 

 but tough, semi-transparent, becoming pale-yellowish as it ripens, 

 covered with light bloom, flesh tender, sweet, juicy, firm, and crack- 

 ling, of the consistency and flavour of the Sweetwater, and contains 

 no seeds. 



Cultural Notes. The defect of this vine is to be a poor bearer 

 unless pruned long ; and even the long pruning as generally practised 

 on other varieties does not yield the best results. A modification of 

 this is advisable in pruning the Sultana. A sufficiency of laterals 

 should be left on the long rods which are cut back about three feet 

 long. These laterals possess plump buds, and are well summered to 

 the very tip. Train the long rods bearing these laterals along the 

 central wire of a T-shaped trellis, and blind the buds at the joints 

 of rods, except the first two from the stem ; bend the laterals about 

 12 inches long in arcs ; they bear the crop. Wood for renewing is 

 supplied by encouraging the vigorous growth of one or two canes at 

 the base of the rods. For that purpose rub off or destroy all 

 barren shoots, and only leave on the fruitful laterals sufficient wood 

 to carry a crop commensurate with the strength of the vine. This 

 is done by pinching the shoots from these fruitful laterals back to 

 the eighth or ninth leaf and limiting the length of the rods to about 

 three feet only. 



The Sultana does well in deep, fresh, alluvial soil with good 

 natural drainage. It matures its crop towards the end of the middle 

 season, and is a good packer as well as an excellent raisin grape. 

 Subject to oidium. The grapes begin to colour and sweeten several 



