388 



this was done either with bare feet or with the feet shod with 

 specially constructed boots or wooden sandals. Since then great- 

 progress has been achieved in the direction of reducing the grapes 

 into a pulp by modern machinery makers. 



The following illustrations show two types of an excellent 

 stemmer and crusher, of French make,. which have been copied with 

 more or less success by both American and Australian makers. As 

 regards efficiency, workmanship, and durability, they are, however, 

 superior to many I have seen at work. 



No. 1 of Mabille crushers and stemmer s, which is the smallest 

 model made, can be worked with ease by one man, and put 

 through about two tons of grapes within the hour. These grape- 

 crushers can also be provided with a pulley for working the machine 



