401 



sinks in a solution of 15 parts by weight of salt in 85 parts of water. 

 The interval between these points is divided into 15 equal parts, 

 and the scale is continued to any number of degrees beyond. 



This scale is also very much in use in many branches of indus- 

 try. It does not give the density by direct reading, but the density 

 can be ascertained either by reference to tables, or by means of the 

 following formula, in which n represents the degrees Baume, 

 as read on the scale, and D the specific gravity required : 

 D = J_. Thus, 10 degrees Baume equals tl g^, or 1,075 specific 

 gravity. The graduation of the Baume hydrometer is somewhat 

 arbitrary, and its use has only been maintained in practice by wine- 

 makers owing to the fact that, by a curious coincidence, the degrees 

 Baume, in an unferrnented must, also approximate^ indicate as 

 may be ascertained by referring to the subjoined table the per- 

 centage of absolute alcohol by weight it will have after being sub- 

 jected to a complete fermentation. Thus, a must measuring 11 

 degrees Baume will give a wine which will contain very nearly 11 

 degrees of absolute alcohol. 



When these instruments are constructed for testing the 

 strength of saccharine liquids, the - degree is, for reasons previously 

 given, placed at the top of the scale. 



3rd. The Scale of Brix, or Sailing, as it is also called, is mostly 

 used by "sugar makers. It gives the per cent, of sugar present in 

 any given solution. For example, a solution marking 14 degrees 

 Brix contains 14 per cent, of sugar, etc. 



SPECIFIC GRAVITY, Equivalents of the Brix and Baume Scales, and 

 Alcoholic Strength after Fermentation. 



