461 



DISEASE OF WINES. 



The above defects, unlike the diseases mentioned here, are 

 amenable to treatment which does not aim at destroying or thwart- 

 ing the destructive micro-organisms, which are the primary cause of 

 the diseases in wines. 



Our knowledge of these micro-organisms we owe in the first 

 instance to Pasteur, who at the same time suggested the remedy 

 best calculated to protect the wine against their destructive action. 

 That remedy, in honour of its discoverer, has been called Pasteuri- 

 sation, and it is carried out in apparatus called Pasteuriser, of 

 which the two illustrations are given below. 



21 



Perrier-Deroy's Pasteuriser. 



The heat generator is composed of (i.) A tubular boiler with 

 a fire grate inside, heating the water jacket. (2.) A worm tube 

 immersed in the water, passing into the central collecting cylinder, 

 surrounded by warm water. ( 3 ..) A fire grate surmounted by straight 

 tubes communicating with the funnel. 



The refrigerator consists of a cylindrical tank containing the 

 worm, one end of which communicates with the heat generator, the 

 other end serving for the exit of the wine. 



The cold wine enters the machine by the tube (7), and, passing 

 through a delivery controlling-tap, reaches the bottom of the 

 refrigerator, fills the annulary space, forming a kind of worm 

 parallel to the first worm. It then reaches the heat generator 



