507 



well drained soils and on the gravelly slopes of the Darling Ranges. 

 Pick and burn all diseased fruit. 



BITTER ROT OR RIPE ROT (Glteosporium versicolour, Berk.). 

 Attacks ripe apples, pears, grapes, and peaches. Appears about 

 the time the fruit begins to ripen; the first symptoms are small 

 circular brown spots, which rapidly enlarge and assume various 

 shades of brown, in concentric rings. After four or five days 

 small pustules appear on the brown spots. These burst when the 

 spot has become a little larger, and give exit to a light salmon- 

 coloured mass composed of the spores of the disease. This goes 

 on the diseased spots, throwing up ring after ring of pustules 

 until the whole apple, within a fortnight, becomes rotten. 



The disease is often noticed in the storeroom ; it does not 

 attack all varieties of apples with equal virulence ; many of the 

 culls in packed fruit are due to this fungus. 



Remedies. Carefully pick up and destroy every rotten fruit 

 in the orchard ; do not throw diseased fruit into the pig-sty, but 

 burn it. Prevention is the only practical way of combating this 

 disease ; drain the land if necessary, spray in winter with strong 

 winter spray. Spray the fruit until late in the season with 

 ammoniacal carbonate of copper, eau celeste, or with potassium 

 sulphide Qoz. to gallon of water). 



BLACK SPOT OR SCAB (Fusicladium dendriticum, Eckl.). 



APPLE OR PEAR, BLIGHT OR SCAB (Fusicladium dendriticum > 

 Eckl.). A common disease in moist climates. " The losses sustained 



from its attacks (says Dr. Cobb) 

 vary from 10 to 90 per cent, of the 

 crop." For about a month after the 

 fruit sets, the scab plays great havoc 

 in orchards where it is abundant. 

 It is easily recognised. Dark velvety 

 green patches turning to brown or 

 blackish scab-like spots appear on 

 the leaves and fruit, arresting growth 

 and causing the parts to become dis- 

 torted. 



Closely allied to the fungus which 

 causes pear-scab. (F. pyrinum). 



Some affected trees blossom most 

 profusely, and hardly ever set their 

 fruit, or else, if these set and grow, 

 thev often split and crack. 



Pear Scab (F. pyrinum). 



