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spraying be delayed, the poison will not be deposited within the 

 calyx cavity with the same certainty, and fewer codlin grubs will 

 have a chance of picking it up. Should rain supervene after the 

 spraying, it is advisable to spray again in order to get at the later 

 hatched grubs, as all moths do not emerge from their chrysalis 

 stage all at once, but come out from October right on till the middle 

 of summer. 



Slingerland, commenting on the results of spraying with 

 arsenites, reports that at least 70 per cent, of the loss commonly 

 suffered by the fruit-grower from the ravages of the codlin moth 

 could be prevented by thoroughly applying the Paris green once or 

 twice in the spring, indeed, "thousands of practical fruit-growers, 

 who have thoroughly tried it, are unanimous in their testimony 

 that from 50 to 90 per cent., in some cases, of the fruit that would 

 otherwise be ruined by the insect, can be saved at a comparatively 

 slight expense." Any of the several arsenical poisons may be used, 

 viz., Paris green, London purple, white arsenic, arseuite of lead, 

 etc. Of these Paris green is the best, when unadulterated, and in 

 the hands of the average fruit-grower, that which is the safest to 

 use. 



London purple is variable in its composition and liable to burn 

 foliage. Arsenite of lead is well spoken of by a few. Of all the 

 arsenites, however, Kedzie's solution, named after the Director of 

 the Michigan (U.S.A.) Agricultural College and Experiment 

 Station, is the most reliable, and it does not, moreover, burn the 

 foliage of the trees, and is very cheap in price. It is thus prepared : 



White arsenic ... ... ... ... ... ... 2lbs. 



Sal soda (washing soda) ... ... ... ... 4 



Water ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 2 gallons. 



Boil for 15 minutes. Put into a glass jar, label " poison," and 

 lock up. When required for spraying slake 2ibs. of quicklime, 

 which stir in 40 gallons of water, adding one pint of the mixture 

 from the glass jar. It is claimed it is easily prepared and is always 

 ready for use, without deteriorating ; it does not hurt the foliage as 

 does arsenic ; it leaves a whitish colouring on the foliage, showing 

 how evenly the spraying has been distributed, and is cheaper than 

 Paris green. 



A good deal of the unsatisfactory results which have attended 

 the use of Paris green are the result of the adulteration of that 

 chemical. The following test will prove its purity: Boil one 

 gramme (or 10 to 20 grains) of Paris green, with dilute hydrochloric 

 acid ; if pure, it should dissolve completely. If there is a residue, 

 wash well over a paper filter, ignite, weigh and test for barium 

 sulphate, a common form of adulterant. In another part of this 

 issue further tests are given for detecting 1 adulteration of Paris 

 green, and to this I must refer inquirers. 



11. Bandages, when well applied and carefully attended to, 

 are better than any of the patent traps yet tried. Next to spraying, 



