COXDIMEXTS AXD SEASOXIXG HERBS 285 



Fennel; " Maha-duru " or " Bata-anduru " S. (Fceniculum 

 vul^arc. Umbelliferae ). A herbaceous perennial, native of South 

 Europe, commonly grown in Ceylon as well as in India. In North- 

 Western India it is sometimes grown as a field crop for its fruit. 

 The tall, finely-divided aromatic leaves are used in fish -sauces and 

 for garnishing, the leaf-stalks are employed in salads, and the seeds 

 in confectionery and for flavouring liqueurs. Propagated from 

 seed, which may be sown in boxes, the plants being afterwards put 

 out 12 inches apart in rows. The plant thrives best in moist 

 situations, being suited to elevations of 2,000 feet upwards. 



Garlic; "Sudu-lunu" S. (Allium sativum. Liliaceae). A 

 bulbous-rooted perennial, native of Central Asia and naturalised in 

 Southern Europe. It is much cultivated in India and the East 

 generally for its small white, onion-like bulbs. These are some- 

 times used in Europe for flavouring soups, stews, etc. In India, 

 Ceylon and many other tropical countries, they are universally sold 

 in the bazaars or boutiques, being largely used in native cookery 

 and medicine. The plant will thrive almost anywhere on the 

 plains or hills, but succeeds best in light, rich and rather dry soil. 

 It is commonly cultivated by the Natives of Ceylon, but the market 

 supplies are imported principally from India. Propagated by the 

 bulbs. 



Horehound. ( Marubiunt vulgare. Labiatae ). A small per- 

 ennial, sometimes cultivated in England as a pot-herb. A decoction 

 of the leaves is a popular remedy for coughs, etc. Not commonly 

 grown in Ceylon or India. Propagated by seed. 



Horse-radish. (Coclilearia Armoracia, Cruciferze). This well- 

 known plant is commonly grown in Hill gardens throughout India, 

 Ceylon, etc., but is quite unsuited to the plains or low elevations 

 The bitter tuberous roots, which are scraped or grated, are used 

 in soups, sauces, etc. The plant is propagated by division of the 

 roots, with a portion of the crown attached, and thrives best in a 

 deep, rich and rather moist soil. Deep holes may be made about 

 1 5 inches apart, in rows, and filled in with well-manured soil. Four 

 or five months are required to mature a crop. By clearing away the 

 soil from the upper portion of the root, and removing the fibrous 

 side-roots, the main root becomes thicker and longer. 



Horse-radish Tree; " Murunga " S. (Moringa pterygospenna. 

 Moringeae). A small tree, the main thick root of which is 

 commonly used throughout India as a substitute for horse-radish, 

 to which, however, it is much inferior in flavour. The long 



