562 



DYE PLANTS 



the extraction of log-wood dye, which is valuable in the manufacture 

 of woollen and silk goods, and for numerous other purposes in the 

 arts and sciences. The tree has been introduced in 1845 at 

 Peradeniya, where it has made but slow growth. It is considered 

 to thrive best in a hot and arid climate. Propagation is by seed ; 

 the seedlings may be planted out about 15 by 15 feet apart, or 

 about 200 to the acre. At the age of ten years the trees are ready 

 for felling ; the sap-wood, being valueless, is chipped off and dis- 

 carded, and the heart-wood, which is brownish-red, is made up in 

 bales for export, or used for the extraction of dye locally, as is 

 done in Jamaica. 



Sappan-wood. See Minor Products of 'Ceylon. 



Turmeric. See under Spices. 



OTHER IMPORTANT DYE PLANTS 



Botanical and Common Name. 



Native country, etc. 



Parts from which dye 

 is obtained, etc. 



Artocarpus integrifolia. Jak ; 



" Kos," S.\ 

 Carthamus tinctoria. Safflower. India (?). An annu- 



Chlorophora h'nctorius. Fustic. 



Hedyotis umbelleta. 

 Hibiscus Rosa-sinensis. 



Shoe-flower. 

 Nopilea coccinellifera. 

 Nyctanthes Arbor-tristis. Night- 

 flowering Jasmine. "Sepalika," S. 



Oldenlandia umbellata. Indian 

 madder; Chaya-root; >4 Saya,"S. 

 "Chaya." T. 



Opuntia coccinellifera and C Tuna. 

 Cochineal Cactus. 



Pterocarpus santalinus. "Red- 



sanders." 



Semecarpus Anacardium. 



Marking-nut. 



al, 2 to 3 ft. high 



India. A larg; tree Heart-wcod ; yellow dye- 



Cried flowers ; red and 



yellow dve. 



Central America. jWood ; a yellow dye. 



A large tree 

 See Oldenlandia 

 India, etc. Tall 



shrub. 



Mexico 

 Central India. 



Flowers ; a red dve. used 



in cookery, etc. 

 Coccid. Cochineal Cactus. 

 Flowers yield a yellow dye. 

 large shrub used in India for dyeing 

 cotton cloth, etc. 

 Cey. & India. I Pinkish-purple dye obtain- 



Small annual; sea led from root; once a 

 coast, dry region, C e y 1 o n Government 



monopoly. 



JA bug (Coccus Cacti) which 

 feeds on the plant in enor- 

 mous numbers. 

 Heart-wood affords a red 

 tree brown dye, used for dyeing 

 woollen cloths. 



India, Malaya, etc. (Juice of nut mixed with 

 A moderate-sized quicklime is used for mark- 

 tree, ing linen, etc. 



Mexico 



ilndia. A small 



GUTTA-PERCHA AND BALATA 



Gutta-percha. A substance similar to rubber, being a product 

 of a certain group of trees (of the N. O. Sapotoceae) which are 

 chiefly indigenous to the Malay Archipelago, and obtained in the 



