34 



In addition to its many other advantages, it gives excellent results 

 when grafted on other varieties. 



The following are the characteristics by which it may be recognised : 

 Vigorous, somewhat spreading grower; wood of a reddish rather 

 dark-fawn colour, of medium thickness, with buds of a medium size; 

 the leaves are very characteristic (five-lobed), the indentations or sinus 

 being deep and the lobes overlapping each other towards the outside 

 in such a way as to make it appear that the leaves were pierced with 

 five holes ; upper-surface of a fine dark-green colour, free from down 

 and glossy, but uneven ; under-surface covered with close short 

 down ; teeth large and very uneven. The leaf has a peculiar crisp 

 appearance. Bunch of medium size, conical, slightly shouldered and 

 rather loose. Berries small, round, thick dark skin, covered with a 

 beautiful bluish-grey bloom ; they are rather apt to fall off when 

 very ripe. 



* Carmenet. Synonyms: Gros Cabernet, Cabernet Franc, 

 Grosse Vindure, Petit fer, Breton, Veronais, Arrouya. 



This variety differs but slightly from the preceding one, the wine 

 made from it being almost identical, although perhaps less perfumed. 

 It is not superior to the Cabernet in any respect, and will not do in a 

 limestone soil. 



It differs from the Cabernet in the following points : Wood of a 

 paler colour ; leaves coarser and less glossy, but of the same shape ; 

 bunches rather smaller ; berries larger, with thinner skin. It is to 

 be found mixed with the Cabernet in most of the Victorian vineyards 

 where the latter is cultivated. 



* Carignane. Synonyms : Carignan, Bois dur (signifies hard 

 wood), Crignane, Catalan, and improperly Mataro in some parts 

 of the south of France. 



This is a rather common -red variety. It is extensively cultivated 

 in the south of France, where it gives very good results. Foex says 

 that it is perhaps the one which combines in the highest degree both 

 quality and quantity. It frequently gives crops of 1,500 gallons 

 per acre in France. 



It comes into leaf late and is thus able to escape spring frosts. 

 It ripens during the third period. Unfortunately its greatest fault is 

 its susceptibility to the attacks of fungoid diseases, especially oidium 

 and anthracnosis, and ita liability to set badly at flowering time. 



