70 



injury done to vines by this scourge is very great. A single storm is 

 capable of annihilating in a few minutes an entire crop. 



6th. Several other points ought to be considered, such as the 

 visitation of locusts. In order to be as little exposed as possible, the 

 shelter of some natural obstacle, such as a creek, river, belts of timber, 

 or a high range of hills should be taken advantage of where 

 practicable. 



Other considerations, such as distance from market, facility of 

 obtaining labour, &c., &c., should receive due consideration, but need 

 not be mentioned here. 



The above conditions must be fulfilled in any vineyard, no matter 

 how or where situated. There are others which vary with the 

 climatic region in which the vineyard may be situated, so must be 

 considered separately for each. 



First Region. 



The great advantages of this region have been mentioned ; it is 

 not, however, without its drawbacks. The vine, growing with less 

 vigour than in the warmer districts, necessitates closer planting, 

 which, without increasing the crops, renders cultivation more expen- 

 sive, there being more vines per acre to prune, disbud, tie up, 

 sulphur, &c., &c., whilst the work of ploughing and scarifying is also 

 rendered more difficult. 



In addition to this, the frequent summer rains promote the growth 

 of weeds, or cause the flowers to set badly and facilitate the develop- 

 ments of fungus diseases; whilst in the colder parts unfavorable 

 weather towards vintage time may interefere with the proper ripening 

 of the grapes. On account of these many drawbacks a site requires to 

 be chosen with great care in this region. Contrarily to what we will 

 find to be the case for the other two regions, the vineyard should be so 

 situated as to promote the production of alcohol, otherwise the wine 

 would be too weak. Hill sides with a N. or N.E. aspect should alone 

 be selected, unless the ground be almost level, as on the summit of a 

 rise, when the direction of the slope is of no consequence. Low- 

 lying flats are most unsuitable, and should never be selected. A 

 slope steeper than 1 in 7 is not to be recommended, as considerable 

 quantities of soil would be carried away by the rush of the water 

 during the winter. The soil must be friable, easily cultivated, 



