103 



The length of time vines should remain in th nursery depends 

 upon the growth they make, as a rule two-year-old vines are the best 

 in the colder districts, whilst one-year-old ones give excellent results 

 in the warmer parts on account of the greater development they have 

 acquired during the time they are even to be preferred to two-year- 

 old ones, which might have acquired so considerable a development 

 that they could not be transplanted without injury to their roots. 



Whilst in the nursery the young plants should receive every care; 

 the soil should be continually kept in a loose state and free from 

 weeds. If remaining more than a year in it they should be pruned, 

 one or two of the best shoots only being left, which are cut back to 

 one eye each. 



PLANTING ROOTED VINES IN THE VINEYARD. 



The rooted vines should be extracted from the nursery with care in 

 order to break as few roots as possible; the broken extremities of 

 these should be carefully trimmed with a sharp knife, and the shoots 

 pruned before proceeding to plant them, which should be done as 

 soon as possible after their removal from the nursery. 



It is of the greatest importance that they should be planted out at 

 exactly the same depth as they were in the nursery, the underground 

 part being unsuited for exposure to the air. 



A hole should be dug with the spade, into the bottom of which a 

 little loose surface soil, and if possible a little quantity of manure, is 

 thrown, the young vine is placed in it, the roots being carefully sepa- 

 rated from each other, if entangled, and spread out in all directions ; 

 the remainder of the earth is put back by small portions at a time 

 and pressed with the foot but not rammed tight, as should be done 

 with the cuttings. Care should be taken to loosen the surface soil 

 thoroughly before leaving the vine. 



Young plants obtained by ordinary layering require the same 

 treatment as those raised in the nursery. If the result of multiple 

 layering (p. 96) they require rather more care, as their feeble depth 

 at which they should be planted renders them very liable to suffer 

 from drought. In fact this process can only be employed in the first 

 and second regions (p. 21), or on a limited scale where it is possible 

 to water them. 



A hole is dug into which the greater part of the earth is put back, 

 after having been thoroughly loosened in such a manner that it will 



