187 



cut to three eyes, should be cut at its base, as illustrated in Fig. 46 ; 



that is, wedge-shaped, with the inner side narrower than the outer 

 one. It is inserted into the cleft, care being taken that the 

 cambium layers coincide, and the wedge carefully withdrawn ; 

 the stock will then hold the scion tightly, and all that will be 

 necessary will be to surround it with grafting wax or clay. 

 Should the cleft have been made too 'deep, or the stock be 

 rather weak, this will have to be tied, so as to insure the 

 scion being held firmly in its place. The operation properly 

 accomplished, the soil which was removed should be replaced 

 and preferably heaped up round the scion, as represented in 

 Fig. 45. 



In order to insure contact between the cambium layers 

 of the stock and scion it is recommended to slightly incline 

 the latter, so that there may be a certainty of their cutting 

 each other, and thus being in contact in two points, one on 



FIG 6 



It is evident that this system of grafting may also be made use 

 of if stock and scion are both of the same size. In such a case the 

 cleft should be made right across the stock, and the scion cut to a 

 wedge of the same thickness on each side, but, as a rule, the 

 English cleft or splice graft will give more satisfactory results in 

 such a case, 



This method of grafting will be understood by reference to Fig. 47. 

 Both stock and scion are cut obliquely at the same angle, and a 

 longitudinal slit is made very slightly above the centre of the 

 first section, so that with a slight pressure one can be made 

 to slide into the other, as represented in Fig. 47. The stock 

 and scion should be carefully fitted together, so as to render 

 the binding of the joint with string or other substance 

 unnecessary. In order that this should be the case both 

 stock and scion must be cut in exactly similar manner, so 

 that when put together no spaces where there is not contact 

 between the two may be found. 



This is the mode of grafting most extensively employed 

 for grafting European sorts on phylloxera-proof American 

 stocks. It gives excellent results. The cambium layers of 

 FIG. 47. stock and scion meeting in several places, a thorough joint 



