CHAP. 

 II. 



CHAPTER XX. 



FOUR YEARS OF EXPERIMENTAL CULTURE UNDER 

 DR. WIGHT AND THE AMERICAN PLANTERS, 



1841 TO 1845. 



Stoppage of demand for Indian muslins and call- 31 

 coes, but 'growing demand for Cotton wool- During 

 the latter part of the last century, the conflict between the 

 East India Company and the Native powers, was equalled 

 by the rivalry between the Cotton manufacturers of Great 

 Britain and the Native weavers of India. The result in 

 both cases was |the same. Whilst the Native princes were 

 yielding to the superior prowess of the British arms, the 

 Native weavers were conquered by the Spinning Jenny 

 and Power Loom. The Arkwright machinery indeed seemed 

 to defy all opposition. As early as 1793, British muslins were 

 equal in appearance to those of India, whilst the patterns were 

 far more elegant, and the cost was less than one-third. But SelectCom . 

 at the same time, that demand for the raw wool had sprung {e te court 

 up, which in the present day has reached such enormous li- tj ra Quoted 

 mits. In 1697 the yearly import of Cotton wool into great by Koyle * 

 Britain, was only 2 millions of pounds. In 1775 it reached 

 8 millions, and within ten years the improved machinery 

 had raised the import to 20 millions. But the present 

 century has perhaps witnessed the most extraordinary 

 increase. In 1800 the yearly import was nearly 60 

 millions; in 1820 it was 150 millions; in 1840 it 

 was 500 millions; and in 1860 it was 1500 millions. ExtractPa . 

 Hitherto the American supply has generally been equal to ?" to ela " 

 the demand ; and Whitney's saw gin has done nearly as tariff" c fai<i 

 much for the States in the preparation of Cotton wool, as lament ia 



r 1828. Oot- 



Arkwright's machinery has done for Great Britain in 

 manufacture of Cotton goods, 



