218 COTTON IN THE MADRAS PRESIDENCY. [1853 62. 



CHAP. 1st, Northern Circars : four Districts. The Northern 



VI. 

 - Circars consist of a long narrow arm of territory stretching 



2 90 the Pagoda of Juggernaut on the frontiers of the 



Bengal Presidency, southward along the Bay of Bengal to 

 the river Kristna. It comprises four Districts: viz. -(1) 

 Gangam, (2) Vizagapatam, (3) Godavari, (4) Kristna. 



291 (1) Ganjam: produce inconsiderable but easily in- 

 creased by money advances. In this District the Cot- 

 ton cultivation of late years seems to vary from four thou- 

 sand to six thousand acres. As the quantity of Cotton grown 

 is so insignificant, the Collector merely makes a few general 

 observations. He says that there is one material fact which 

 has not been made sufficiently clear to the mercantile com- 

 munity at home; namely, that the Native agriculturist will un- 

 dertake nothing new on the mere assurance that it is in de- 

 mand in a distant market. Cases where the security of profit 

 would appear most perfect to the European mind, would 



Apr"' i86i. have no effect upon the Native. But on the other hand, 

 there is no tropical produce which the European with capi- 

 tal might not command, by bringing his capital into immedi- 

 ate contact with the producer. If suitable money advances 

 were made on the spot, Egyptian Cotton and other fine 

 varieties could be grown in Ganjam within an easy distance 

 of the coast. 



292 (2) Vizagapatam : Cotton grown insufficient for 



home consumption and not remunerative. In this 



district the average produce of Indigenous Cotton is about 



the same as in Ganjam. During the three years preceding 



Mr Fane's 1861-62, the average extent of lands under Cotton cultiva- 



j e uiy r i86 2 i 8d ti n was ^53 acres, which produced an average of about 



250 Ibs. per acre. This quantity is not sufficient for local 



consumption. Much cleaned Cotton is imported from 



Rajahmundry (Kristna) ; and much English Cotton yarn 



and twist are imported almost every month from Calcutta 



