72 BOVINE PATHOLOGY. 



At ten minutes respiration became quick and agitated; at 

 eleven minutes the animal got up but had much difficulty 

 in standing ; shortly afterwards it staggered into the straw- 

 yard. Morton gave four ounces of chloroform to a heifer, 

 and it produced no insensibility, the animal only seeming 

 to be intoxicated by it (^Veterinary Record,' vol. iv). 



Method of administration of chloroform to large animals. 

 — It is essential that the animal be cast previous to 

 administration, otherwise he will be uncontrollable in the 

 preliminary stage of excitation. Then a due admixture 

 of air must be ensured by the use of an apparatus with 

 two tubes, one of which communicates with the outer air 

 the other passing from the chloroform vessel, each fitting 

 at the other extremity into a nostril j several inhalers 

 varying slightly in form have been suggested. Or a 

 sponge with chloroform poured on it may be held against 

 the muzzle, and the hand and muzzle loosely covered with 

 a cloth, the chloroform being renewed from time to time. 

 The amount of chloroform essential for the production of 

 insensibility to external impressions varies much in different 

 cases, and must be regulated by the judgment of the 

 chloroformist. If after the operation is completed the 

 animal does not regain sensibility sufficiently soon, cold 

 water may be thrown over the body and air freely 

 admitted. 



Why nursing should not be utilised to the full in 

 treatment of cattle affections, when circumstances are 

 favorable, we cannot say, but in some quarters there 

 seems to be a prejudice against nursing an ox. It must 

 be our duty in every case to ensure such nursing means as 

 we have already indicated, they will very materially assist 

 our medicines ; even rough methods of preserving a com- 

 fortable warmth of the surface of the body and a duo 

 supply of fresh air, and a draught of cool water so refresh- 

 ing to the palate of a feverish patient, are valuable. 



The jprevention of disease consists in the careful super- 

 vision of those details of management which experience 

 has suggested as best for various kinds of animals, but it 

 assumes a special character when we are requested to 



