172 BOVINE PATHOLOGY. 



the recumbent position, becomes tympanitic and comatose, 

 and death may occur even within twelve hours after the 

 first manifestation of lameness. In the early stages the 

 bowels are torpid, and during the acute attack the fjeces 

 may be bloody, and the urine is highly coloured from ad- 

 mixture with blood. This is an acutely painful disease ; 

 the animal at first stands with straightened neck and 

 muzzle protruded, breathing rapidly, and sometimes moan- 

 ing. Some few cases recover, the constitutional energy 

 being sufficiently powerful to throw off those parts which 

 have undergone mortification. The tumours burst spon- 

 taneously, and by ordinary processes large masses of dead 

 tissue are removed, whereby deep and extensive ulcers are 

 left which heal by granulation, or, in some cases, it is 

 said, by cicatrisation with a considerable breach of 

 surface. The skin sometimes sloughs in patches, and 

 phlyctenae may be observed in the mouth. Delitescence 

 or metastasis of the tumefactions is recorded. On post- 

 mortem- examination, besides the local conditions, the 

 general signs which we have mentioned as occurring in 

 anthrax are present. The lungs are congested, and the 

 bronchi filled with sanious and frothy mucus. 



Causes. — Dr. Greenfield has observed in a case of this 

 disease which he reproduced by inoculation of a guinea 

 pig, not Bacillus anthracisj but Bacterium termo, or an 

 organism like it, in the blood. Arloing speaks of certain 

 refractive corpuscles which do not by culture develop into 

 the anthrax bacillus as being visible in the blood. The 

 disease is prevalent at certain times and in certain places. 

 It is seen most often in summer, and on low-lying or 

 undrained pastures ; never occurs in winter, and seldom 

 in animals which are housed, or in poor beasts. It 

 seems to have some predilection for well-bred stock, and 

 generally has somewhat a sporadic character. Its com- 

 municability by contagion is questionable. 



Treatment. — Free incisions should be made into the 

 tumours, and the living parts around stimulated. Stimu- 

 lant tonics and internal disinfectants should be freely 

 administered, and the strength should be supported in 



