THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM. 235 



disease progresses slowly and materially interferes with the 

 development of the animal. It is incurable, and the flesh of 

 cattle thus affected is not good meat, though always con- 

 sumed. The condition of the dorsum linguas is diagnostic. 

 The earliest account of this with which I am acquainted 

 is in the ' Edinburgh Veterinary Review/ 1864, p. 153. 

 Some authorities consider this disease scrofulous rather 

 than a form of carcinoma. 



Ceamp op the Tongue. — This disease has been described 

 by Eberhardt (see ^ Veterinarian,' xvii, 153). It seems 

 to be enzootic in certain parts of Germany; is liable to 

 recur, and proves rapidly fatal unless relievedo *' The 

 tongue is curled like a corkscrew and drawn backwards 

 towards the upper part of the throat, on which it presses 

 so violently as to make it evident that this is the cause of 

 the convulsions, and that it is only necessary to bring the 

 tongue into its natural position to relieve the animal. 

 The attacks usually come on suddenly when the animal is 

 feeding. It starts suddenly back from the manger, begins 

 to breathe heavily and sonorously, stretches out the head, 

 and sways to and fro. It appears to be uneasy, it moves 

 restlessly from side to side, becomes swollen or half 

 suffocated, and voids much dung. There is an expres- 

 sion of suffering in the countenance ; the eyes are pro- 

 truded, they roll in their sockets, and have a fiery glittering 

 appearance. The veins of the head are enlarged, and 

 project in bold relief like cords. If one of them is pressed 

 with the finger the flow of blood can be distinctly felt. 

 The ears stands erect, the nostrils work convulsively, the 

 mouth is held open, and the whole face plainly speaks 

 the agony which the animal is suffering.'-' Tracheotomy 

 may be performed if considered necessary. 



Cystic Diseases op the Tongue. — An account of fibro- 

 cystic disease is given in the ' Edinburgh Veterinary Re- 

 view,' iii, 216, and a most interesting case of pilous cysts 

 in the tongue, possibly an inversion of the skin, is recorded 

 by Professor Varnell ('Veterinarian,' xxxix, p. 712). 



The tongue of the ox is comparatively seldom injured. 

 This is due to the absence of the bit and the twisting 



