THE FOOT, EYE, AND EAR. 369 



grease in the horse, but is not very successful in esta- 

 blishing the comparison. 



Section 3. — Diseases op the Ear. 



The ear of the ox presents no special anatomical or 

 physiological features of import to us at present, nor is 

 it frequently involved in diseased action. The external 

 ear may be lacerated, and must then be treated on con- 

 servative principles. The skin investing it is also liable 

 to be involved in skin diseases ; and Youatt mentions 

 the occurrence of fungous granulations springing up within 

 the ear. 



Otitis is a formidable affection, not frequently recog- 

 nised, but liable to be confounded with disease of the 

 brain, because of the violence exerted by the animal, 

 since this is a very painful disease. We have before us 

 a case in which extensive abscess had formed in the bone, 

 but the true nature of the disease was discovered only 

 after death. The principal symptoms, besides those of 

 fever, are carrying the head to one side and heat and red- 

 ness of the external parts. If this state is diagnosed 

 nothing can be done more than powerful stimulation 

 around the root of the ear, and the administration of 

 febrifuges and cathartics. 



Section 4. — Diseases op the Eye and its Appendages. 



8uh-section 1. — Abnormalities of the Ocular Appendages. 



The orbit of the ox has its external opening laterally 

 placed, giving a considerable backward range of sight — a 

 feature observable in all ruminants. This margin is formed 

 only of three bones, the squamous temporal being excluded 

 by the peculiar bifurcation of the posterior portion of the 

 malar. In other respects the orbit essentially resembles 

 that of the horse, and the accessory organs of vision are 



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