110 FISHES OF PENNSYLVANIA. 

the eye, the fourth (longest) about one-half length of head; from thence they de- 
crease in length to the one before the last which is two-fifths as long as the head ; the 
last is nearly one-half as long as the head. The base of the soft portion is as long as 
the head without the snout; the fourth and longest ray is as long as the base of the 
fin. The lastray is half length of longest. The anal origin is under the twelfth or 
thirteenth scale of the lateral line. The first spine is short, two-thirds as long as the 
second, and a little less than the eye in length ; the third and longest is as long.as the 
eye and snout combined. The longest soft rays (fourth to sixth) are as long as the 
head without the snout, and the last ray is about one-half as long as the longest. 
The ventral reaches to the first anal ray, its length about equal to the head with- 
out the snout. The pectoral reaches to the ventral and is slightly longer than that 
fin. The caudal is convex, its middle rays nearly as long at the head. The lateral 
line follows the outline of the back. 
D: X,.12;3:A. TE, <12); V.1, 55.2. 13. “Seales 4-31-11 
The length of the specimen here described, No. 20,354, United States National Mu- 
seum, from Trenton, N. J., is three inches. 

This species was first described by Professor S. F. Baird, from speci- 
mens obtained by him in Cedar Swamp creek, Cape May county, New 
Jersey, in 1854. The Professor found it abundant in the muddy water 
of that creek. He described the colors as follows: ‘General color 
dirty white, with clouds of olivaceous ; the tints clearer in smaller speci- 
mens; sides of abdomen silvery. Six well defined vertical bands of 
black on each side, covering each a breadth of two or three scales; the 
first passes through the pupil across the cheeks ; the second is posterior 
to the edge of the preoperculum, but interrupted in the middle so as 
not to cross the operculum; the third is posterior to the first ray of the 
dorsal. * * * * Between the third and fourth bands are short bars, 
one proceeding from the dorsal, the other from the ventral outline in the 
same vertical line, and parallel to the others. This may in fact be described 
as an additional bar interrupted in the middle. Fins greenish yellow, 
with mottlings of dark. Ventrals black centrally, yellow posteriorly, and 
deep red on the two anterior rays and intermediate membrane. Dorsal 
with the three anterior rays and their membrane black; the membrane 
between the third and fourth rays red. Pectoral plain. In large speci- 
mens the tints are darker, and the ground color tinged with olivaceous. 
The red of the dorsal is not distinct, Length three inches.” 
Genus LEPOMIS Rarrnesquz. 
123. Lepomis cyanellus Rarrnesque. 
The Green Sunfish. (Figure 61.) 
The green sunfish has an oblong body, its greatest depth at the ventrals equaling 
three-sevenths of the total length without caudal, and its thickness three-eighths 
of its depth. The least depth of the caudal peduncle equals four-fifths of its length 
and about one-third of greatest body depth. The head is one-third of total length 
without the caudal; its width nearly one-half its length. The snout is moderately 
pointed and as long as the eye, which is two-ninths as long as the head. The inter- 
orbital space is nearly flat, its width a little greater than the length of the eye. The 
nape is moderately arched. The mouth is moderately large, the maxilla not widely 
expanded behind and reaching to below the front of the pupil. Supplemental max- 
illary bone well developed. Seven rows of scales on the cheeks. Gill rakers short 
