FISHES OF PENNSYLVANIA. 125 

according to Dr. Jordan,is Kansas. Itis found in clear streams, reaches 
a length of about two and one-half inches, and varies considerably with 
locality. One of its varieties, arcansanum, differs from the typical 
zoned darter in having the breast naked. 
142. Etheostoma maculatum Krrruanp. 
The Trout Darter. 
The body is somewhat elongate, deep and compressed; the long head equals one- 
fourth of the total length without caudal; the depth about one-fifth; the eye is large, 
mouth moderately large with equal jaws, the maxillary reaching to the front of the 
eye; the dorsal fin is high, its longest rays reaching to the base of the tail. 
D. XII, 12-138; A. II, 8-9. Lateral line 58-60; 9 scales above and 10 below. 
Color dark olive, with an undulating light brown band on the back; throat blue; 
large crimson spots on the back and sides; a black spot anteriorly on the base of the 
spinous dorsal; the soft dorsal red; two carmine spots atthe base of thecaudal. The 
female plain, with speckled fins but lacking red markings. 
The trout darter was originally described from the Mahoning: river, 
Ohio. Its range is now known to extend from western Pennsylvania to 
eastern Tennessee. It grows toa length of two and one-half inches 
and is a species of surpassing beauty. 
148. Etheostoma flabellare Rarinesque. 
The Fan-tail Darter. 
Body slender, elongate ; head long, lower jaw strongly projecting. The species is 
readily recognized by its low fins, especially the spinous dorsal, and its prominent 
lower jaw. It runs, however, into several varieties one of which, occurring in 
Indiana and northwestward, has black spots on the scales forming lateral stripes; 
another variety from the Cumberland river is distinguished by its thick jaw and 
nearly plain coloration. In the male the spinous dorsal is one-half as high as the 
soft dorsal. The female has higher spines than the male; the spines have fleshy 
tips. No scales on nape, head and breast. A large black humeral scale. The 
length of the head equals one-fourth of the total length without caudal and the depth 
one-fifth. 
D. VIII, 12; A. II, 8 Seales 7-50-7. The lateral line ends at the middle of the 
length. 
The general color is olivaceous, the upper parts dusky. The sides with dark 
streaks formed by the spots at the base of the scales. The males have dusky cross 
bars; the soft dorsal and caudal barred. The spinous dorsal of the male has an 
orange margin. 
The fan-tail darter is found from western New York to North Carolina, 
and in the Ohio valley. It grows to a length of two and one-half inches 
and abounds in clear rocky streams. It is very active and tenacious of 
life and is an excellent species for the aquarium. 
144. Etheostoma coceruleum Srorer. 
The Blue Darter. 
Body short, comparatively stout. Head large; mouth moderately large, with the 
lower jaw included within the upper. The maxilla extends to the front of the eye. 
The head is contained three and three-fourths times in the total length without the 
tail, and the depth four and one-fourth times. 
