41 



home the skins and choice parts of tlie meat. The List division, as well as about 100 

 seals from Palata rookery, rcacht'd thr level ground hehind Glinka village at 10 a. m., 

 and were given a rest there. 



"At 11 o'clock the iinal drive in four divisions was begun toward the killing ground 

 near the beach (not 300 yards) west of the village. Down the steep embankment 

 (fully 60 feet high) the numerous drives have worn a deep channel-like rut in the 

 slipjiery clay, and down this chute the animals came rushing as if it were a toboggan 

 slide. Tliey slid down in bunches together and became piled up at tlie bottom in big 

 heaps. As they were now driven over the sand of the l)each a few undersized seals 

 and a solitary matka or two were sorted out and allowed to escape into the water, 

 but the Iinal culling was done on the killing ground. Altogether 17 undersized 

 animals were thus di?rven over the mountain and tiually permitted to go back into 

 the sea. 



"The.se young animals let loose on the sandy beach afforded great sport for the 

 younger generation of future seal killers — if seals there be left when they grow up. 

 Four little tuts, 5 or 6 years ohl, with sticks in their hands, tried to drive into tho 

 water two young seals too tired to advance farther and asking nothing but to be 

 allowed to lie down and rest. The seals lesented tlie attack, and the four little fel- 

 lows hit them over the head and snout with their sticks, as they had seen their 

 parents do with the big ones, and finally succeeded in driving them into the sea." 



DRIVKWAY.S ON MEDXI. 



The following are Dr. .Jordan's tield notes of the driveways on Zapadni and Palata, 

 made on August 25, 1896. 



"Zapadni driveway: The drive from Zapadni goes up from the stony beach 

 between two towers of rocks, climbing the gorge of a little brook which cuts into 

 the bowlders and clay of the hillside, an excessively hard, rough little gully, very 

 difficult for a man to climb, there being small cascades and wet claj' in its course. 

 The way is marked bj' road skeletons. 



"After an ascent over ground of this sort for HOO or 400 feet, more or less, tlie drive 

 goes u]) through steej) grassy slo])es, some of them of soft clay, somewhat <nt into 

 rough stei)S by men's boots. The general character of the ground is unrelieved, 

 although more or less broken by cross gullies and ridges. The final ridge is 760 feet 

 above the sea. 



"On the (ilinka side is a long slope, at first quite steep, everywhere grassy and 

 rather easy, but marked with road skeletons, as it is very long. Thi; rye grass grows 

 longer below, and a little stream has deep de])ressions, whicli serve as deatli trai)S, 

 as the skeletons show when tlit^ seals fall in i)iles one over another. Above Glinka 

 is a steej) slide of yellow clay, from which tlie village is said to have received its 

 name. This slide must be a hard place for the seals. The seals (few in number) 

 that are rtdeased because too young or too old are allowed to go down to the sea, 

 whence they go back to tlie west side again. 



"Palata driveway: The drive from Palata is now rarely made, as the seals have 

 grown so few. They are killed all along the beach, and the myriads of flies about 

 the decaying carcasses nuist be the source of gre;it annoyance to breeding seals. 



" The drive ascends from the parade ground on the top of the landslide. This was 

 formerly occupied by bachelors. But there are no separate droves of bachelors now. 

 They are siattered in little (dumps about and bi'twei n the rookerie>. 



"The drive then for about IflO feet ascends a grassy clitl' so steep that ste]is have 

 been dug in it to facilitate climbing. Then follows some TOO feet of irregular but 

 very steep sloj^e, in which the easiest depressions are sought, though the hill is 

 everywhere about as steep as a man (!an climb, and one who goes up it Jinst cling to 

 the grass. Above this slo])e the drive reaches the back of the knife like ridge that 

 separates Palata from Zapalata. This widens out into an easy level plateau for 

 about 20 rods, marked with road skeletons. The elevation is 850 feet by Dr. 

 Stejneger's map. 



" Then follows a steep climb up gravel and clay, Avith scanty grass and heather, 

 worn into steps, the driveway boumted on the southwest by a slanting precipice, that 

 lies above Sabatcha Dira. A steep shouliler of heather and small plants is followed 

 by a final climb into the clouds to the suuuiiit of the pass, 1,220 feet above the sea. 



"I'roiu the siuumit an abrupt descent leads down a distance of 500 feet by a zig- 

 zag trail as steep as a horse could pass over, strewn with gravel and covered with 

 low flowers, to the bed of a swift little brook. This stream flows down into a grassy 

 basin, the slojie becoming less and less, the rye grass and putchki growing taller. 

 At the junction of this stream flowing into the little brook to the west this drive 

 merges into the one from Zapadni. 



"The drive from Palata is not in anyplace so difficult as the gully just above 

 Zapadni, but it is half higher and twice as long — a trip one could not take on horse- 

 back, nor would it be easy to lead a horse over it. Comparing it with conditions on 



