can be equipped with four lead blocks to in- 

 crease its weight to approximately 120 pounds. 

 It holds between 200 and 300 cubic inches of 

 sediment when full; however, the fine portion 

 of the sample is subject to washing. Hence, the 

 sediment obtained may not be completely rep- 

 resentati^e of the bottom. The Orange Peel 

 bucket sampler generally is operated from the 

 oeeanographic winch using ^^|j-inch wire. 



Figure L-IT. Orange Peel bucket sampler 

 rigged for lowering. 



L-33 Operating the Orange Peel Bucket 

 Sampler. — The Orange Peel bucket sampler is 

 simple to operate, and the only tool required is 

 an adjustable wrench. The sampler usually is 

 shipped to the field completely rigged and ready 

 to attach to the lowering wire (fig. L-18) ; 

 nevertheless, the complete procedure will be de- 

 scribed to familiarize the operator with the 

 process. 



Step 1. Open the sampler's jaws by lifting- 

 device with the lowering handle hook, and set 

 it upright on the deck. 



Step 2. Thread the closing line through the 

 upper sheave and make a thimble loop connec- 

 tion about 18 inches abo\e the sampler, using one 

 wire rope clip. 



Step 3. Make a second thimble loop connection 

 about 10 inches above the first loop, using one 

 wire rojje clip, and place a wire rope hook on 

 the thimble (point of the hook should be 

 shortened). 



Step 4. Midway between the two thimbles 

 place a wire rope clip around the long and short 

 end of the rope from each thimble (three wires) . 



Step 5. Check the closing mechanism by open- 

 ing and closing the jaws. Suspend by the clos- 

 ing wire to close; suspend by the handle hook 

 to open. Lubricate ratchet chain, sheaves, and 

 jaw hinges until the sampler operates smoothly. 



Step 6. If more weight is desired, attach four 

 lead blocks to the frame using hook bolts. 

 Attach the lowering line to the triimble on the 

 closing line with a shackle. 



Step 7. Engage the lowering hook with the 

 lowering handle hook to lock the jaws open 

 during lowering. 



Step 8. Suspend the Orange Peel bucket 

 sampler over the side. Lower it to the water's 

 surface. Set the meter wheel counter to zero, and 

 commence lowering at half speed (approxi- 

 mately 60 meters per second) until the bottom is 

 reached. 



Step 9. As soon as the sampler reaches bot- 

 tom, tension on the lowering wire will be re- 

 laxed. This will release the lowering hook from 

 the lowering handle hook. Stop the winch im- 

 mediately to avoid laying wire on the bottom. 

 Reverse the winch and commence hoisting slow- 

 ly. This will put the weight of the sampler on 

 the closing wire which activates the ratchet 

 chain and lower sheave that close the jaws. 



Step 10. When the sampler comes to deck 

 working level, bring it aboard with a boat hook, 

 and dump the sample by lifting the sampler by 

 the lowering handle hook. Examine the sample 

 and place a representative portion of it in a 

 sample jar. Label the jar with a bottom sample 

 label, and record the necessary information on 

 Log Sheet-M. If excessive washing of the 

 sample is encoimtered, a canvas hood should be 

 placed over the sampler. 



L-34 Maintenance of the Orange Peel 

 Bucket Sampler. — After each lowering is com- 

 pleted, wash the remaining sediment from the 

 sampler, rinse with fresh water, dry, and lubri- 

 cate all moving parts. Check cotterpins, and 

 ratchet chain links; tighten sheave bolts, and 

 weight bolts; and when necessary, wire binish 

 the sampler and jjaint it to prevent corrosion. 



L-35 Clamshell Snappers. — Two general 

 types of clamshell snappers are used by the 

 U.S. Naval Oeeanographic Office. One, shown 

 in figure L-19, is about 30 inches long and 

 weighs about 60 pounds. The other is only 11 

 inches long and weighs only 3 lbs. 



The larger clamshell snapper is ruggedly con- 

 structed of stainless steel. The cast snapper 

 jaws are closed by heavy arms actuated by a 

 strong spring and a lead weight. In the open 

 position, a foot device extends below the jaws 

 so that it strikes bottom first and triggers the 

 snapper. The impact moves the arms up re- 

 leasing the jaws which snap shut with con- 

 siderable force. The jaws trap about a pint of 

 bottom material. This snapper is equiped with 

 tailfins and is lowered from the oeeanographic 

 winch with %2-inch wire. 



The small type clamshell snapper, called a 

 mud snapper, is attached to the bottom of a 



L-15 



223-812 O - 68 - 10 



