PART II 



OCEANOGRAPHIC CODES AND TABLES 



Table P^' 



1. — Weather state code 173 



2. — Cloud type code 175 



3. — Cloud cover code 186 



4. — Visibility code 186 



5. — Wind wave (sea) height code 187 



6. — Swell condition code 187 



7. — Bottom type code 188 



8. — Compass direction code 188 



9. — Wind force code — Beaufort's scale and velocity 188 



10. — Velocity conversion 



A. Knots to meters per second 189 



B. Knots to centimeters per second 189 



C. Centimeters per second to knots 190 



D. Feet per second to knots 190 



11. — Barometric pressure conversion 



A. Inches to millibars 191 



B. Millimeters to millibars 191 



12. — -Depth conversion 



A. Fathoms to meters 192 



B. Meters to fathoms 193 



C. Feet to meters 194 



D. Meters to feet,... 195 



13. — Temperature conversion 



A. Fahrenheit to Celsius 196 



B. Celsius to Fahrenheit 198 



14. — Relative humidity, percent 199 



15. — Forel water color scale code 201 



16. — Chlorinity to salinity conversion 202 



17.— Mean density of sea water column above estimated depth ^- 210 



LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



fUmre TUte P<V' 



Oceanographic survey ships USS San Pablo and USS Rehoboth in Monaco.. Frontispiece 



1-1 View of A-frame, platform and oceanographic winch 4 



1-2 Deep-sea anchoring winch --- — 5 



2-1 Nansen bottle in three positions — before tripping, during tripping, and after tripping. 9 



2-2 Nansen bottles in racks 10 



2-3 A meter wheel reading of a Nansen bottle cast 12 



2-4 Determining the wire angle of a Nansen bottle cast 12 



2-5 Reading the reversing thermometers 13 



2-6 Protected and unprotected deep-sea reversing thermometers 13 



2-7 View of reversing thermometers on a Nansen bottle 14 



2-8 The bathythermograph 17 



2-9 View of bathythermograph thermal and depth elements 17 



2-10 Taking the bucket temperature 20 



2-1 1 Lowering the bathythermograph 21 



2-12 Bringing in the BT with a retrieving line 22 



2-13 Labeling the BT slide 23 



2-14 The SpiJhaus-Miller sea sampler 25 



2-15 Removing the bottle 26 



2-16 Bottle opened 26 



H. O. 607 vii 



