Figure ''♦"« Page 



2-17 View of spacing plugs 27 



2-18 View of smoked-slide holder with stylus raised 27 



2-19 Drawing the sample 28 



3-1 Deep-sea reversing thermometer corrections and history card 30 



3-2 Two drawings of reversing thermometer slide rule with protected and unprotected 



sample calculations 33 



3-3 Mean density (pm) of sea water 34 



3^ Depth anomaly (AZ) graph 35 



3-5 The L-Z graph 37 



3-6 The Z/L graph 39 



4-1 Oceanographic Station plotting sheet 41 



4-2 Temperature-Salinity (T-S) curve 42 



4-3 Bathythermograph temperature-depth profile 44 



5-1 Rough plot track 46 



5-2 Smooth plot track 47 



5-3 Recording the sounding 48 



5-4 Sample echogram from AN/UQN-1 echo sounder 49 



5-5 Sounding logbook page 50 



5-6 A two-ship oceanic sounding grid 51 



6-1 Principle of operation of free-fall corers 53 



6-2 Determining the amount of wire to pay out from known wire angle 53 



6-3 Coring devices - Phleger, KuUenberg, and Ewing 54 



6-4 Phleger corer assembly 55 



6-5 A spring scale dynamometer 56 



6-6 Sample core label 57 



6-7 Principle of operation of piston corers . . 58 



6-8 Deep-sea dynamometer on a U. S. Navy oceanographic survey ship 61 



6-9 Lowering and retrieving the Ewing piston corer 65 



6-10 Extruding and packing Ewing cores 67 



6-1 1 The ball breaker — principle of operation 68 



6-12 Recorder tapes showing ball breaker signals 68 



6-13 Small bottom samplers — ^orange peel, clamsheU snappers, scoopfish, dredge 70 



7-1 Single-shot underwater camera assembly 72 



7-2 Underwater camera and pressure case 73 



7-3 Exploded view of underwater camera assembly 75 



7-4 Front of underwater camera pressure case 75 



7-5 Underwater photograph taken at depth of 3,400 fathoms 77 



8-1 The half-meter plankton net 78 



8-2 Side view of Clarke-Bumpus plankton sampler 81 



8-3 The midwater trawl 84 



8-4 Plankton tow sample label and midwater trawl sample label 86 



9-1 GEK Model V recorder showing locations of operating switches and dials 89 



9-2 Marking the GEK record 90 



9-3 The Ekman current meter 92 



9-4 Wiring diagram for Price current meter 94 



9-5 Roberts radio current meter, Model 2 96 



9-6 Buoy-operated Roberts radio current meter 97 



9-7 Diagrammatic sketch of the receiving station 99 



(a) Using radio 



(6) Using direct contact 



9-8 Tape scaling 100 



10-1 Overboard assembly of the electric wave staff 105 



10-2 Wave record obtained with electric wave staff 157 



1 0-3 Schematic diagram of electrical circuit of electric wave staff 108 



1 0^ Electrical circuit of step-resistance gage of electric wave staff 108 



10-5 CaUbration graph of electric wave staff 109 



viii H. O. 607 



