74 Trans. Acad. Sci. of St. Louis 



which showed by their action that they were only on a 

 short \isit, probably checked in progress by the pre- 

 ceding cold spell of May 5-6-7 when the frost nipped 

 many a tender young oakleaf on the Ozark hills without 

 doing any appreciable damage to fruit trees which can 

 stand well a little frost after the blooming season is 

 passed. 



Of the Sparrow family ten species were noted, six 

 breeding and four transient. The summer resident 

 species were the Goldfinch, the Larkfinch, the Chippy, 

 Field Sparrow, Cardinal and Indigo Bird. The tran- 

 sients, present in small numbers, were the white-crowned, 

 white-throated and Lincoln's Sparrows, and the rose- 

 breasted Grosbeak, the latter possibly staying in small 

 numbers. The Tanagers were both there, the summer 

 Tanager being heard in the forest everywhere, and the 

 scarlet Tanager, a fine old male, met but once. More 

 gregarious than any others were the members of the 

 Swallow family. All our eastern species, six in number, 

 were well represented and played a prominent part in the 

 enlivening of the valley. Whole droves of them, com- 

 posed of three, four or more species, were constantly 

 flying up and down the river in search of food, which in 

 cold weather they find over water easier than elsewhere. 



Martins, Rough Wings, Bams, Bank and Eave Swal- 

 lows were probably all at home in the vicinity, but the 

 number of Tree Swallows seemed too large for summer 

 residents, the species being rather rare in summer in 

 southern Missouri, and must therefore be regarded as in 

 part transient. Four species of Vireos were prominent 

 among the musicians in the great concert performed 

 every morning and, belonging to our most industrious 

 and persevering singers, were often heard during the day 

 when most other birds are silent. The red-eyed, the 

 warbling, the yellow-throated and the white-eyed Vireos 

 were all more or less common in their favorite haunts. 

 The splendid prothonotary Warbler was at home on the 



