l893-] ENTOMOLOGIAL NEWS. II9 



teen of Boletotheriis bifurctis. The larvae and pupae were found 

 in the same fungus. I investigated several more, but found only- 

 larvae of this species. 



The low, rotten, and fungus-covered stumps near the edge of 

 the woods next claimed my attention. Here I found several 

 hundred Hopiocephala biconiis, also a few Platydema excavatum 

 and several larvae, probably of the former. On another species 

 growing most abundantly on the top of the stumps were scores 

 of Cratoparis limatus. Hiding under the loose fungi and among 

 the rotten wood, were found Melandrya striata and several spe- 

 cies of Carabidae. Two specimens of Cyllodes biplagiatus were 

 taken from still another variety growing on poplar. A species 

 growing on oak trees contained numerous larvae unknown to me. 

 I should like to hear through this journal more concerning the 

 species of Coleoptera to be found inhabiting fungous growths. 



ELEMENTARY ENTOMOLOGY. 



LEPIDOPTERA-HETEROCERA (Moths). 

 By Prof John B. Smith, New Brunswick, N. J. 



It has been usual to follow the Bombycid series by the Cossidae, 

 though they are very decidedly out of place between the Bom- 

 bycids and Noctuids. In venation the insects are characterized 

 by having two internal veins to the primaries and three on the 

 secondaries; and on the latter an oblique cross- vein between the 

 costal and the subcostal. In these characters they are unlike any 

 of the other families known t9 me, and are therefore at once rec- 

 ognizable. Usually, the head is small in proportion to the body, 

 the palpi are small, and the tongue is obsolete. The ocelli are 

 wanting. The antennae are usually short, or of only moderate 

 length; closely pectinated in the male, sometimes for their full 

 length, sometimes broadly feathered from the base to the middle 

 only. In the female they are simple, serrated, or even shortly 

 pectinated. We have two somewhat divergent series among our 

 species, of one of which Cossus may be considered typical. In 

 these the wing-form and general appearance, as well as the long 

 robust body, reminds one of the Sphingidae or Hawk-moths. 

 The colors are usually black and white, or gray, and the mark- 

 ings are usually dotted, marbled, or transversely strigate. There 



