IQOl] ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 47 



accounts of in the Zool. Anzeiger, 1881, p. 499, the Entomolo- 

 gische Nachrichten, 1888, p. 273, and finally-, with good figures 

 in the Trans. Ent. Soc. London, 1895, part IV, p. 483, are re- 

 markable in that the larvae are provided with both spiracles 

 and tracheal gills, for breating air above or beneath the surface 

 of the water, and are provided also with a series of median 

 ventral suckers, reminding one of the condition of all Blepha- 

 rocerid larv^ae. The pupae of these Brazilian Psychodids is re- 

 markable for its great modification, being broad, flattened, 

 provided with prothoracic breathing tubes, and clinging im- 

 movably by its ventral aspect to the surface of a rock wall, in 

 all respects a structure, appearance and habit very like those 

 shown by the pupae of Blepharoceridse. The pupa of Miall's 

 semi-aquatic Psychodid is of the usual Tipulid-like type and the 

 lar\-a has no ventral suckers and has only spiracles, not tracheal 

 gills. 



My Californian aquatic Psychodid is of the type of MuUer's 

 Brazilian forms. The larvae and especially pupae are strongly 

 like Blepharocerid lar\-ae and pupae, in miniature, and have 

 nearly the same habit. The larvae which I found abundantly 

 on March i and later dates in Los Gatos Creek, and other 

 streams in the Sierra Morena Mountains, Santa Clara County, 

 live on the stones of the stream bed not usually submerged but 

 always at the verj' verge of the water, sometimes submerged, 

 sometimes above the water surface, but alwa3s wetted by the 

 current or spray. They are when full grown about 2.5 mm. 

 long and about i mm. wide. They are, as MuUer says of the 

 Brazilian specimens, onisciform but are narower and more 

 elongate in shape than Oniscus. The shape and general ap- 

 pearance can be clearly understood by referring to Figure i, 

 in which both dorsal and ventral aspects are shown. They 

 are not flat but rather thick, and the dorsal surface is quite 

 firm. The ventral surface bears eight median segmentally ar- 

 ranged suckers by which the lar\-a holds firmly (but not nearly 

 so strongly as the larva of the Blepharoceridae) to the surface 

 on which it rests. There are no thoracic breathing tubes and 

 openings, as described for Pericoma by Miall, but simph- a pair 

 of spiracles at the posterior tip of the abdomen, anal spiracles, 



