Ig99 ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. 139 



streams which are more frequently than any other devoted to corn 

 year after year, simply because the soil will stand this sort of man- 

 agement, and. indeed, in some localities, like the lower Scioto val- 

 ley, it is impossible to i-aise any other crop there. Next to this 

 rich level lands are kept more continuously in corn, and thus the 

 low rich lands, generally speaking, form the highways along which 

 this species makes its way in its eastward spread. This information 

 was gained on my part from years of study and observation in Illi- 

 nois. supplemented by eight years of equally careful study and ob- 

 servation in Indiana, befoi'e coming to Ohio, all of which prepared 

 me for further investigations in the latter State. ^/Yhile in Indiana 

 I had been able to trace the species throughout the entire length of 

 the valley of the "Wabash river, whose upper tributaries intermingle 

 with those of the Maumee and the Big Miami in northeastern In- 

 diana. Knowing the habits of this insect, it will require but a 

 study ot the topography and soil of northwestern Ohio to fully 

 understand the ease with which it would make its way from the 

 country about Foi't Wayne. Indiana, to the vicinity of Toledo and 

 Sandusky, in Ohio. I have not as yet found it to the eastward of 

 Sandusky and Seneca counties, except across Sandusky bay in Ot- 

 tawa county, and farther southward it holds to about this distance 

 east, even to the vicinity of Columbus, where it is now known to 

 occur, though none were to be found there or in that vicinity in 

 1892. 



But, precisely as in ca.se of Hylnstes, we had a separate outbreak 

 in the vicinity of the mouth of the Big Miami river, this time, how- 

 ever, in Hamilton county, Ohio, and it was here that serious injury 

 was first observed, though it is probable that it was also destructive 

 at this time in the region of the upper Maumee river, away to the 

 north. It is very significant that while so abundant in western 

 Hamilton county so good a collector as Mr. Dury should not have 

 been able to fiud it in the vicinity of Cincinnati, in the eastern por- 

 tion of the same county, the reason probably being that it did not 

 then occur there. ^ 



There seems every probability that it had found its way to the 

 bottom lands about the mouth of the Big Miami river, and owing 

 to the fact that in that vicinity there is a large permanent ai-ea of 

 corn, developed there in great abundance, spreading northeastward 

 up the Big Miami valley until the corn fields enabled it to span the 

 region intervening between this and the valley of the Little Miami 

 down which it made its way, and when it reached the vicinity of 

 Cincinnati a couple of years later Mr. Dury was able to collect it in 

 abundance. The species also probably continued on its northeast- 

 ern course until it mingled with the diffusion froin northern In- 

 diana, and then the trend of diffusion was southward down the val- 

 ley of the Scioto river to the Ohio, as I found it in limited numbers 

 in the bottoms of the former stream a couple of years ago. It may 

 be stated again that the bottom lands of the lower Scioto have in 



