tlie animal alievs the form of tiie crystalline letis^ so ai* 

 to discern objects under the water, as well as in tho 

 ail*, I am not able to state ; but I ha\'e little doubt thai 

 such is the fact. The pupil of the eye of this animal, 

 Jis well as in all the other water Salamanders wliich 

 I have examined, is horizontal, as in the horse ; and I 

 think it has not the power of dilation, or expansion^ 

 this faculty being compensated by the power gi v/ith- 

 draAving the eye as before mentioned. This particu- 

 lar shape of the pupil is beautifully adapted to an in- 

 habitant of shallow water, enabling it to take an ex* 

 tensive view from side to side ; tliere being little occa- 

 sion to look upwards. I have reason to believe that 

 the larvsB or young of thtse animals appear very sooa 

 after the animals themselves leave their brumal re* 

 treats, for what I conceive to l>e the young, witli giilsj 

 I have observed sticking to stones in the water ; and I 

 have caught them an inch long, tiie gills liaving dis- 

 iippeared. It is a well known fact that torpidity, in- 

 *5tead of exhausting the energies of nature, increases 

 'its vigour. Tlie colour of these animals varies consi*- 

 derably by i^cason of age : in those about three inches 

 long, the red predominates, so as to make thein ap-. 

 ^ear almost another species — in those about four inch- 

 es long the blackish spots are larger, and more niime- 

 ious — and in i\m full-grown animal the colour ap|>eai** 

 Us described in the epecific character,. 







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