324 * ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS. [DeC, '04 



5'ellowish in color like the other small pair. F'or a time there 

 is an opaque white globule at the center of each lobe which 

 gradually diminishes in size, until they are entirely cartilagi- 

 nous in appearance. 



These small lobes are all quite firm to the touch while the 

 two very large ones are soft and easily crushed and torn as the 

 female crawls about. 



After two or three hours these masses disappear entirely, 

 but whether the contents are largely taken in by the female or 

 whether she rejects the greater portion after extracting the 

 spermatozoa, I did not determine. 



Copulation* began soon after sunrise and continued until 

 near noon in the swarms I visited. I did not witness the 

 beginning of the copulatory process, but in no case did a pair 

 remain in coitu more than ten minutes after I noticed them. 

 After about 10 in the morning the chirping of the males 

 almost entirely ceased, except as they were disturbed by some 

 moving object, and then the squeaking noise which they make 

 .seemed to be entirely a note of warning, and would cause the 

 members of the swarm to run or jump in all directions for 

 a distance of 20 or 30 feet, and sometimes farther, as if 

 frightened. 



The po-sition of the male during copulation was, either 

 curled beneath the female — literally standing on his head — or 

 lying upon his back beneath her and being dragged behind her 

 if she chose to walk about. 



EXPLANATION OF PLATE XIX. 

 Anabrus simplex Hald. — A, adult female ; B, a comparatively straight 

 ovipositor ; C, sperm mass clasped by vulva of female ; D, the sperm 

 mass removed immediately after copulation showing the two small lobes 

 which are seized by the vulva of the female ; E, end of male abdomen 

 from above showing clasping organs ; F, wings of adult male ; G, a clus- 

 ter of eggs, the upper one coming to the surface. All natural size except 

 E and F, which are twice natural size. 



* I am under obligations to Mr. C. L. Marlatt, Acting Chief of the 

 Bureau of Entomology, for having a search made in the library of the 

 Bureau for published observations upon copulation in this genus of 

 Orthoptera. The librarian, Mr. Nathan Banks, found nothing upon the 

 subject. The writer knows of no such observations except those here 

 recorded. 



