136 Mr. A. G. Butler on Butterflies 



and two costal spots, the secondaries with a small additional 

 silver-centred spot above the one at the end of the cell ; other- 

 wise exactly like the male. Expanse of wings 2 inches 

 5| lines. 



Albino ? . Above creamy white, the basal area and costal 

 border of primaries and the secondaries bluish grey ; the spots 

 on the border smaller than in the male, the discocellular spot 

 larger ; the marginal spots of secondaries diffused and sub- 

 confluent, the first being confluent with the apical border ; the 

 submarginal spots only slightly paler than the ground-colour, 

 smaller than in the ordinary form, the first two bounded inter- 

 nally by large black lunate spots, the others by a few blackish 

 scales ; orange spot very pale. Primaries below white, with 

 greyish basal area, the discal series of spots completed, begin- 

 ning in the interno-median and median interspaces with three 

 decreasing triangular black spots, after which they are small 

 and red-brown ; apical area greenish sulphur-yellow, brighter 

 at outer margin ; costal margin and fringe rose-red : secondaries 

 green, washed with yellow towards the base, fringe rose-red ; 

 markings as in the ordinary female. Expanse of wings 

 2 inches 8 lines. 



This is a tolerably common species, allied to C. stmocla, but 

 differing constantly from that form in the greater length of 

 the costal margin of the primaries, the larger pale submarginal 

 spots, with less-defined internal limiting spots on the secon- 

 daries, the maculated character of the border on these wings, 

 the noticeably paler colour of the under surface, the increased 

 number of the discal spots on the under surface of the females, 

 and the greater size of the albino females. 



I have come to the conclusion that this species is constant 

 (so far as Colias ever is so) to the characters above laid down, 

 after examining nearly 200 specimens of the Ilyale group 

 from various parts of Japan. Mr. Elwes says (Trans. Ent. 

 Soc. 1880, p. 144) " it would be most unlikely that in such a 

 genus * four species of one group should exist in Japan alone, 

 or, rather, in that very small 2}o,rt of Japan from which collec- 

 tions have come." Can Mr. Elwes be speaking seriously 

 when he makes this statement ? Is it a fact that the collec- 

 tions received were obtained from so limited an area that it is 

 " unlikely " that distinct allied species should come to hand ? 

 Are Hakodate, Yokohama, Nikko, and Nagasaki localities so 

 close together and so identical in their conditions of life that 

 it is absurd to look for allied but distinct species in collections 

 from these localities ? 



* Mr. Elwes does not explain this expression ; and I fail to compreliend 

 its meaning. 



