BihliograpMcal Notice. 485 



and twenty-three are found in the Mount Gambier formation. Of 

 about thirty Cyclostomatous Eryozoa which occur in this deposit, 

 at least seven are common to it and Orakei Bay. Besides the 

 Bryozoa the author has obtained many other organisms from 

 this clay, and especially a large number of Foraminifera, now 

 in the hands of Prof. Karrer of Vienna. He estimates the total 

 number of determinable species belonging to various classes at 

 over 200. 



In treating of his special subjects the author adopts the principles 

 of classification laid down bj^ Hincks, Smitt, and other recent 

 writers on living Bryozoa, which he regards as preferable in them- 

 selves, and also as facilitating the comparison of fossil with recent 

 forms. 



BIBLIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE. 



A Memoir on the Ecliinodermata of the Ai-ctic Sea to the West of 

 Oreenland. By P. Martin Duncan, M.B. (Lond.), F.R.S., &c., 

 and W. Percy Sladen, F.G.S., P.L.S., ko. With Six Plates, 

 London : Van Voorst, 1881. 



The value and importance of a carefully prepared monograph on a 

 given group of a given zoological province was brought before the 

 readers of this journal a month or two ago, when their attention 

 was directed to Capt. Legge's work on the Birds of Cej'lon. "VVe 

 have again to illustrate this point by a notice of the memoir on a 

 very difi'erent group of animals and from a very different region, 

 which Prof. Duncan and ilr. Sladen have been able, by the aid of 

 the government-grant fund, to publish in a very handsome form. 



Thirty species of Echinodermata are in all described, and careful 

 figures of parts, or complete specimens of most of these, are to be 

 found on the six large plates which make a not unimportant 

 portion of the volume. All, wc are informed, tell the same tale as 

 to distribution, and speak to the existence of a circumpolar fauna ; 

 herein they corroborate the results to which all recent investigators 

 into the details of Arctic distribution have been led, and which, we 

 may point out, were, so long ago as 18G1 , well expressed by Sir 

 Joseph Hooker, when he spoke of the Scandinavian flora as girdling 

 the globe in the Arctic Circle. When, however, the authors add to 

 this that there is no extension northwards from more temperate 

 climates we cannot think that they mean to speak of an arctic 

 circumpolar as distinguished from a boreal circumpolar region (in 

 the sense in which these words are used by Prof. Ehlcrs) ; for of the 

 species which they describe no less than nine* have been found 

 further south than the sixtieth parallel, and seven others have been 



* Or ten, if the Ophioglyphi Tenorii of Heller (Adriatic) be, as 

 Mr. Lyman thinks, synonymous with O, rohusta. 



