134 CANON A. M. NORMAN ON 



described by himself from Natisen's voyage, and now found so 

 much further south. Indeed, this paper has far greater interest 

 than if it contained the description of new species. 



The enormous range of these deep-water Copepoda is very 

 remarkable. In the Faroe Channel we find species at con- 

 siderable depths which Nansen met with near the surface at 

 the point nearest to the North Pole from which any animals 

 are known to us; and these are associated with other forms 

 which are known to occur, some in the Mediterranean, some in 

 the Gulf of Guinea and South Atlantic, one in the Antarctic 

 Ocean, and some from the very centre of the Pacific Ocean. 



When we consider the matter, we cannot be so greatly surprised 

 at this very wide geograpliical distribution of abyssal Calanoid 

 Copepoda, since at the depth at which they live — sometimes 

 a varying depth according to latitude — whether under the Tropics 

 or under vast fields of Arctic ice, they are living under con- 

 ditions where they pass their lives at the same temperature. 

 The isothermal line they are able to find for themselves. Their 

 very active life, almost always on the move, tends of course 

 greatly to wide dispersion, and small as they are, they must of 

 necessity be subject to transportation from one place to another 

 by the action of oceanic currents. We are beginning to learn 

 more and more how widely diffused large numbers of genera and 

 species are which live in the oceanic depths ; but in no group of 

 animals has this fact been more clearly demonstrated than in 

 these notes, which record species which, if few in number, are yet, 

 for the most part, of such remarkable distribution. 



COPEPODA. 

 CALANOIDA. ' 



Amphaskandria, Gieshreclt. 



Fam. Calanid^. 



Genus Calanus, Leach. 



Calanus FiNMAECHicus (Gumierus). 



, Faroe Channel and Davis Strait. This is a surface plankton 

 species abundant in the Arctic seas, and taken by Nansen " up 

 to and beyond 85° of latitude" (G. O. Sars). 



