344 Canon A. M. Norman — Notes on the 



marine zoologists* wlio had previously collected in the fiords, 

 as I was informed by Herr Schneider, were Nylander and 

 Gadd, who, in 1855, gave what they had found to the Hel- 

 singfors Museum, but did not publish anything on the subject. 



The sun never set while we were in East Finmark. 

 Schneider was often entomologizlng and I botanizing until 

 near midnight. 



I may here add that when dredging we always landed at 

 some spot which had not previously been visited, to have a 

 midday meal and to give our men an hour or an hour and a 

 half's rest. While they were resting Herr Schneider was 

 busy with his net after insect-;, and more especially Bombyces, 

 which were very abundant and especially affected Vicia cracca, 

 a very common vetch of the district^ and which there grows 

 with a luxuriance which I have not seen equalled in our own 

 islands. While Schneider was ccUecting insects I was intent 

 on the botany of the spot. 



Geography and Geology. 



Norway is divided into Stifts, Amts, and Fogderier. A 

 Stiff is a Diocese, and the whole of Norway north of 

 lat. 65° 15' N. is comprised in the Stiff of Tromso. This 

 great Diocese contains three Amts — Nordland, Tromso, and 

 Finmark. Of these, Finmark is divided into five Fogderier — 

 Altens, Hammerfest, Tana, Vardo, and Varanger. The first 

 two of these Fogderier belong to West Finmark and the last 

 three constitute East Finmark. East Finmark^ as has been 

 already stated, extends from the Porsanger Fiord, which is the 

 next large fiord to the east of the North Cape, to the Russian 

 frontier. Beyond Vardo, the most eastern point, the coast-line 

 trends southward and then westward, forming the large Varan- 

 ger Fiord, the entrance of which thus faces eastward. The 

 northern shore of the Varanger Fiord is known as Nordvaran- 

 ger, and here is situated the famous whale-fishing station 

 Vadso. I'he territory on the southern side of the Varanger 

 Fiord is Sydvaranger. Kunning inland to the south from Va- 

 ranger Fiord is Bog Fiord, which ultimately becomes forked, 

 the western fork being Lang Fiord and the eastern Klosterelv 

 Fiord. On the projecting land which forms these last-named 

 fiords is situated Kircheiies, where we had our quarters. At 

 the head of Klosterelv Fiord is Elvenes, at the mouth of the 

 Pasvik River, which river throughout the greater part of its 



* Except M. de Guerne, for -whose expedition see observations in 

 succecdiug part of this paper. 



