582 Cunon A. M. Norman — Nutes on the 



C. pusiUa, Hincks (Adriatic), C. pedunculata, Busk (about 

 lat. 38° N. and Ion-. 28° W., in 450-900 faths., ' Chal- 

 lenger'), C. paj)yrea,Vii\\n.s, (Mediterranean), and C Solanderi, 

 nom. nov. (boreal). A few remarks on the last two species 

 may here be added : — 



Carbasea papyrea, Pallas. 



172-5. Forus cerviniis, Marsillus, Hist. Pliys. de la Mer, p. 64, pi. vi. 

 tigs. 25, 26. 



1766. Kschara jmpyrea, Pallas, Elenclius Zoophyt. p. 56. 



1767. Flustm ^lopyracea, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. xii. p. 1301. 



1879. Flustra carbasea (uec Ellis & Sol.), Waters, Ann. & Mag. Nat. 



Hist. ser. 5, vol. iii. p. 119. 

 ] 889. Flustra papyracea, Carus, Prod. Faun. Med. toI. ii. p. 9. 

 1896. Flustra papyrea^ Waters, '' Interzooecial Intercommunication in 



Flustridse and Notes on Flustra,'^ Journ. Mic. Sci. p. 287. 



Zooccia rhombic or lozenge-shaped, being angled at the 

 middle of their sides ; of nearly the same length as those 

 of C. Solanderi, being about 1 millim., but wider, 0*65 to 0*75 

 millim., narrowed both anteally and posteally, the greatest 

 breadth being in the middle ; the anterior extremity and 

 oral opening markedly narrower than in C. Solanderi. 

 Ooecia of moderate size, semiglobose, well raised. 



Specimens in my collection are from Naples (Zool. Stat, 

 sent as '^ Flustra carbasea") and Mediterranean (Mr. Waters 

 as " Flustra pajjyrea,"" Pallas). The species is not only dis- 

 tinct with respect to the form of the zooecium, but it is 

 also furnished with ooecia, which are well represented on 

 my Naples example, though Mr. Waters states that he has 

 never seen any ; while ooecia are unknown in C. Solanderi. 

 Considering the date of the work of Marsillus, his figure 

 gives an admirable idea of the form of the cells and the 

 extent of variation in that form. A comparison of the two 

 following passages is certainly curious: — "Attachees a la 

 Roche, quoique sans Racine. J^en ai une en mon Cabinet, 

 qui tient a I'ecorce d'un petit Cancre " (Marsillus, a.d. 1725). 

 "This is very common upon a Crab [Pisa armata), which 

 usually carries a small colony of tljis Fdustra on its back. ' I 

 do not remember seeing any at Naples except from this 

 Crab" (Waters, a.d. 1879). In this species Waters tells us 

 that there are only one distal and two lateral rosette-plates, 

 each with only a single pore. 



28. Carbasea Solanderi, nom. nov. 



1786. Flustra carbasea, Ellis and Solander, Nat. Hist, curious and 

 uncommon Zoophytes, p. 14, pi. iii. figs. 6, 7 (et auct. plur.). 



1848. Carbasea papyracea, Gray, List Brit. Anim. Brit. Mus., Cen- 

 troniae, p. 105 (nee Flustra papyracea, Linn, j nee Flustra jmpyracea, 

 Ell. & Sol.). 



