Xafural History of EnM FinmarJc. 99 



to determine, that margin passes inside and not outside of 

 these little elongate pores. 



This species is^ I think, entitled to generic rank; the 

 character of the front wall, with the Cribrilinidan portion not 

 extending to its margin, and the peculiar facies of that 

 portion, the vicarious avicularia, the well-developed operculum, 

 and perhaps, above all, the processes on the side of the oral 

 opening for the hingement of the opercidum, seem to point 

 to the reasonableness of adopting JuUien's genus Fi(jularia 

 to receive it; and the same author's genus PueUina (type 

 P. Gattyo:) might be adopted for those species which are 

 furnished with lateral papillae. 



" Lepralia." 



When Johnston (Brit. Zooph. edit. i. 1838, p. 277) insti- 

 tuted the genus Lepralia, after stating that Berenicea, 

 Fleming, had been previously employed, he added : " Milne- 

 Edwards names the genus ' Escharoides,' but neither this 

 nor Escharina, another of his names, can be adopted, since 

 some naturalists usetlie terminations -aides Viwii -iiiaas familv 

 appellations. Moreover, what saith Linnaeus? * Gleneric 

 names including other generic names are unworthy of a 

 scientific nomenclature.' And, again, ' Generic names in 

 -oides are prohibited •" (see Young's Med. Literature, p. 28)." 

 Here is his reason for giving a new name to his genus. It 

 was a valid reason at the time, though not according to 

 more recent usage. Lepralia is a name so old and so 

 familiar that it can hardly be dropped as a synonym ; and 

 it would scarcely be justice to Johnston to omit its use. 

 In what sense, then, must it be employed? Here comes in 

 no small difficulty. It is a primary law of nomenclature 

 that some species which Johnston placed in it when he 

 instituted the genus must be the type. The species thus 

 included were as follows : — L. hyalina (Linn.), ndida (Flem- 

 ing), coccinea (Lamk.), Johnston, variolosa, Johnston, ciliata 

 (Dallas), trispinosa, Johnston, and immersa (Fleming). The 

 name used as Smitt and Hincks employed it is not Lepralia, 

 Johnston ; and the definition of Hincks excludes from it 

 all Johnston's species. As JuUien has written * : "Genre 

 Lepralia, Th. Hincks (not Johnston, 1838), 1880. — Get 

 ancien genre de Johnston a ete entierement bouleverse par 

 Th. Hincks, et ne devrait plus exister aujourd'hui." Of 

 the species which Johnston placed in his Lepralia, hyalina 



* Miss. Scieut. Cap Horn, Bryozoaires, 1888, vol i. p. 57. 



7* 



